23.4.2013 | 07:18
Stöšvum strax ašlögun aš ESB - undirskriftasöfnun
Stöšvum strax ašlögun aš ESB.Undirskriftalistinn
Žann 16. jślķ 2009, samžykkti Alžingi įlyktun um »aš leggja inn umsókn um ašild Ķslands aš ESB«. Įlyktunin hlaut samžykki Alžingis meš ašeins 33 atkvęšum af 63. Tillögu, um aš leita įlits žjóšarinnar į žessu afdrifarķka feilspori, var hafnaš meš 32 atkvęšum. Umsóknin um ašild aš Evrópusambandinu var žannig alfariš į įbyrgš žess meirihluta į Alžingi sem studdi rķkisstjórn Jóhönnu Siguršardóttur. Umsóknin var hvorki į įbyrgš stjórnarandstöšnnar į Alžingi né žjóšarinnar. Allt frį september 2009, hafa veriš geršar kannanir um afstöšu landsmanna til inngöngu landsins ķ ESB, af Capacent-Gallup. Nišurstöšur žessara kannana hafa įvallt veriš į einn veg, 60% - 70% žjóšarinnar hefur veriš andvķgt ašild. Viš blasir, aš nśverandi meirihluti į Alžingi mun gjalda mikiš afhroš ķ kosningunum 27. aprķl 2013. Aš stórum hluta er žaš vegna žess aš žjóšin hafnar óskum rķkisstjórnarinnar um inngöngu landsins ķ ESB. Žjóšin hafnar žeim ólżšręšislegu vinnubrögšum sem rķkisstjórn Jóhönnu Siguršardóttur hefur višhaft ķ ESB mįlinu. Viš undirrituš skorum į Alžingi aš stöšva strax višręšur Ķslands viš Evrópusambandiš um ašild Ķslands aš ESB, meš formlegri įlyktun. Alžingi hóf višręšur um ašild įn samžykkis žjóšarinnar og Alžingi ber skylda til aš ljśka žeim strax, įn kostnašarsamrar žjóšarkönnunar. |
22.4.2013 | 15:22
Sjįlfstęšisflokkur lofar landsmönnum vandfundnum gjöfum
Sjįlfstęšisflokkur lofar landsmönnum vandfundnum gjöfum.Fyrst birt 22. aprķl 2013.Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson.Į kosningavef Sjįlfstęšisflokks er gerš grein fyrir loforšum flokksins um skatta-afslįtt til aš męta erfišri stöšu skuldugra heimila og til žeirra sem eru aš safna fyrir hśsnęši. Žessar hugmyndir eru svo ótrślegar aš nįlgast vitfirringu, ef sannar eru. Į vefsķšunni segir um skatta-afslįtt til aš lękka skuldir sem eru fyrir hendi:
Ennfremur er lofaš skatta-afslętti til fjįrfestinga ķ hśsnęši ķ framtķšinni:
Svona örlęti hefur ekki sést ķ kosningabarįttu, allt frį landnįmi. Hlaupum samt ekki um ķ stjórnlausri gleši, heldur athugum hvaš žessi kosningaloforš merkja fyrir rķkissjóš.Fyrir žaš fyrsta, žį er žarna talaš um aš einstaklingar fįi žennan rausnarlega skatta-afslįtt, en ekki til dęmis heimili eša bara skuldsettir einstaklingar. Žarna segir aš »Öllum stendur žessi leiš til boša.«Ķ öšru lagi er skatta-afslįttinn hęgt aš fį vegna fyrirhugašra ķbśšarkaupa og einnig vegna afborgana af lįnum meš veši ķ hśsnęši. Hvaš ętli žessar fyrirhugušu gjafir leiši til mikilla śtgjalda fyrir rķkissjóš?Einstaklingar ķ landinu voru 321.857 01. janśar 2013. Žar sem lofaš er afslętti upp į 480.000 kr/įri (40.000 x 12 mįnušir) veršur įrlegur skattaafslįttur vegna žessara loforša um 154 milljaršar (321.857 x 480.000). Vegna mannfjölgunar į nęrstu įrum mį örugglega hękka žessa tölu ķ 160 milljarša, hiš minnsta. Į žeim 5 įrum sem afslęttinum er lofaš, veršur afslįtturinn 800 milljaršar! Hefur rķkissjóšur efni į žessum gjöfum, eša er ętlunin aš bręša Snjóhengjuna og drekkja Hręgömmunum?Frambjóšendur Flokksins hafa fjallaš opinberlega um framangreindar hugmyndir, en ķ staš kostnašar rķkissins upp į160 milljarša Króna, hafa žeir talaš um 16 milljarša. Žetta hlżtur aš vera kommu-skekkja, sem veršur snarlega leišrétt. Eftir stendur aš śtskżra hverju Flokkurinn er raunverulega aš lofa. |
22.4.2013 | 08:12
Fjölmenn samfylking Icesave-vina ętlar aš sitja įfram į Alžingi
Fjölmenn samfylking Icesave-vina ętlar aš sitja įfram į Alžingi.Fyrst birt 22. aprķl 2013.Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson.Śrskuršur EFTA-dómstólsins frį 28. janśar 2013 stašfesti aš »Samstaša žjóšar gegn Icesave« og ašrir andstęšingar Icesave-kśgunarinnar höfšu fullkomlega rétt fyrir sér. Į sömu stundu og śrskuršurinn var geršur kunnur, hefšu allir žeir Alžingismenn sem greiddu Icesave-III-samningunum atkvęši įtt aš tilkynna afsögn sķna.Enginn žessara žingmanna lét svo lķtiš, aš bišjast afsökunar į heimsku sinni og hugleysi frammi fyrir kröfugerš nżlenduvelda Evrópu. Žaš er jafnvel verra, aš stór hluti žessa óžjóšholla lišs bżšur sig fram til įframhaldandi setu į Alžingi. Samkvęmt skošanakönnunum, er lķklegt aš einhverjir žessara žjóšsvikara nįi kjöri. Lesendur eru hvattir til aš strika śt žetta fólk viš kosninguna, eftir žvķ sem fęri gefst.
|
21.4.2013 | 11:47
Žjóšnżting einkaskulda - almenningur blóšmjólkašur
Žjóšnżting einkaskulda - almenningur blóšmjólkašur.Fyrst birt į vefsetri höfundar 23. marz 2012.Lilja Mósesdóttir.Kröfuhafar gömlu bankanna og śtrįsarvķkinganna leita enn leiša til aš koma kröfum sķnum yfir į skattgreišendur, ķ staš žess aš lįta gömlu bankana og śtrįsarvķkingana borga. Forusta stjórnarflokkanna hefur żtt undir žessa višleitni kröfuhafanna meš ķtrekušum naušsamningum um Icesave skuldbindinguna, andstöšu viš almennar skuldaleišréttingar sem hefšu rżrt eignir kröfuhafa og stušning viš gjaldeyrishöft sem koma ķ veg fyrir aš aflandskrónur og ašrar eignir kröfuhafa verši afskrifašar.Į bak viš aflandskrónurnar og eignir kröfuhafa gömlu bankanna voru einkaskuldir fyrirtękja sem fóru ķ žrot. Žjóšarbśiš hefur žvķ ekki efni į aš greiša śt žessar aflandskrónur og eignir kröfuhafa. Rķkisstjórnin skilur ekki vandann og leyfir aflandskrónueigendum aš kaupa rķkisskuldabréf fyrir veršlitlar krónur eins og žęr hefšu fullt veršgildi. Žetta heitir aš žjóšnżta tapašar einkaskuldir. Skerša veršur lķfskjör almennings verulega ķ landinu ef žessum frošueignum veršur ekki žrżst śt śr hagkerfinu meš žvķ aš rżra virši žeirra meš hįum śtstreymisskatti, eša meš žvķ aš taka upp Nżkrónu (Rķkisdal) į mismunandi skiptigengi til aš rżra veršgildi žeirra.Höft til verndar kröfuhöfum.Sķfellt fleiri sérfręšingar taka nś undir tillögu mķna um skatt į śtstreymi fjįrmagns sem ég lagši m.a. til ķ grein ķ Fréttablašinu ķ lok október 2008. Tillögu minni var slįtraš af fólki sem veit ekkert um fjįrmįlakreppur og skilur ekki naušsyn žess aš skrifa nišur tapašar eignir sem notašar voru til aš fjįrmagna fjįrfestingar og neyslu fyrirtękja og einstaklinga sem nś eru gjaldžrota. Ķ staš t.d. 80% skatts į śtstreymi fjįrmagns voru innleidd gjaldeyrishöft sem vernda kröfuhafa gegn eignarżrnun og tryggja žeim hęstu įvöxtun sem völ er į ķ Evrópu. AGS rįšlagši stjórnvöldum aš styggja ekki eigendur žessara frošueigna. Aflandskrónueigendum var žvķ bošiš aš umbreyta frošueignum sķnum ķ rķkisskuldabréf įn afskrifta og meš hįrri įvöxtun. Įvöxtun sem sótt er ķ vasa skattgreišenda og skuldsettra heimila og fyrirtękja į Ķslandi. Eftir hrun hefur žjóšin ekki įtt gjaldeyri til aš kaupa krónueignir aflandskrónueigenda og kröfuhafa.Śtflutningstekjurnar hafa fariš ķ aš greiša fyrir innflutning og vexti og afborganir af erlendum skuldum. Śtstreymi vaxtagreišslna af frošueignum sem eru į leiš śt śr hagkerfinu hefur veikt gengi krónunnar og gert endurfjįrmögnun erlendra lįna erfišari og dżrari en ella. Fljótlega žarf t.d. Nżi Landsbankinn aš endurfjįrmagna lįn aš upphęš um 320 milljarša. Naušsynlegt er aš fį nżtt erlent lįn til aš koma ķ veg fyrir aš žessi upphęš bętist ekki viš um 700 milljarša eignir aflandskrónueigenda og kröfuhafa gömlu bankanna sem sitja fastar į bak viš höftin og bķša žess aš fara śt. Śtstreymi sem setur mikinn žrżsting į krónuna til lękkunar. Höftin virka eins og vatnsaflsvirkjun sem lokar į śtstreymiš og į bak viš vegg virkjunarinnar safnast upp stöšugt hęrra stöšulón peninga. Stöšulón sem nśna er um 1.000 milljaršar en fer nišur ķ um 700 milljaršar um leiš og bśiš er aš tryggja endurfjįrmögnun Landsbankans.Lķfskjörin ķ vasa kröfuhafa.Sś leiš sem stjórnarflokkarnir hafa vališ til aš tryggja eignir aflandskrónueigenda og kröfuhafa er aš halda kaupmętti ķ landinu nišri og langt undir žvķ sem gerist hjį nįgrönnum okkar. Lķtill kaupmįttur almennings į Ķslandi dregur śr innflutningi vöru og žjónustu, žannig aš afgangur myndast į višskiptum viš śtlönd. Afgangurinn er notašur til aš fjįrmagna hęgfara śtstreymi frošueignanna. Miklar skuldir og vaxtagreišslur Ķslendska žjóšarbśsins gera žjóšinni sķfellt erfšara fyrir aš fjįrmagna hęgfara śtstreymi frošueigna og žvķ eru nś uppi raddir um aš veikja žurfi gengi krónunnar enn meira til aš fjįrmagna śtstreymiš. Enn į nż er m.ö.o. uppi krafa um aš styrkja skjaldborgina um fjįrmagnseigendur į kostnaš lķfskjaranna ķ landinu. Stjórnarflokkarnir viršast ekki sjį neina ašra leiš śt śr vandanum. Ef hin svokallaša norręna velferšarstjórn ętlar aš fara lķfskjaraskeršingarleišina, žį mun mikill fjöldi landsmanna sjį hag sżnum betur borgiš meš žvķ aš selja krónueigendum eignir sķnar į bóluverši og flytja žangaš žar sem lķfskjör eru višunandi.Nżkróna (Rķkisdalur).Skattlagningu į śtstreymi fjįrmagns hefur veriš hafnaš į žeirri forsendu aš skatturinn gangi į eignarrétt kröfuhafa og gegn įkvęši EES samningsins um frjįlst flęši fjįrmagns. Upptaka Nżkrónu (Rķkisdala) meš mismunandi skiptigengi er leiš framhjį žessum vandkvęšum. Launum fólks ķ landinu yrši breytt ķ Nżkrónu žannig aš upphęš žeirra yrši óbreytt. Frošueignir į leiš śt śr landi yrši hins vegar skipt yfir ķ Nżkrónu žannig aš 10 milljónir ķ gömlum krónum yršu t.d. 2 milljónir ķ Nżkrónum. Upptaka Nżkrónu myndi žannig laga ytra ójafnvęgi hagkerfsins sem birtist ķ žvķ aš žjóšin hefur ekki efni į aš kaupa krónueignir aflandskrónueigenda og kröfuhafa nema fella gengi krónunnar enn meira og skerša verulega lķfskjör almennings meš hęrra vöruverši og dżpkandi skuldakreppu heimilanna.Jafnframt vęri naušsynlegt aš nota upptöku Nżkrónunnar til aš laga innra ójafnvęgi hagkerfisins sem felst ķ žvķ aš sumir eiga alltof miklar eignir (fjįrmagnseigendur og lķfeyrissjóšir) og ašrir eru of skuldsettir. Viš upptöku Nżkrónunnar žyrfti žvķ aš skrifa hśsnęšisskuldir žannig aš 10 milljón kr. lįn fęri yfir į 8 milljónum kr. og lękka eignir fjįrmagnseigenda til samręmis. Upptaka Nżkrónu (Rķkisdala) er ekki töfrabragš heldur naušsynleg varnarašgerš til aš koma ķ veg fyrir aukna fįtękt og stórfelldan landflótta į nęstu įrum. |
20.4.2013 | 00:48
Steve H. Hanke: The Dead Hand of Exchange Controls
Steve H. Hanke: The Dead Hand of Exchange Controls.Fyrst birt ķ jślķ-hefti GlobeAsia 2010.Steve H. Hanke.The monetary bureaucrats in the United States, Europe and Japan have delivered ultra-low interest rates. When combined with the exchange-rate regimes in most Asian countries, these low interest rate policies have created a hot-money cocktail. In May, the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific recommended the imposition of exchange controls to curb inflows of hot-money (styggur peningur) into the region. On June 13 and 16, South Korea and Indonesia, respectively, took the U.N. bait and introduced new exchange controls.To understand the causes of hot-money flows, we must examine the basic types of exchange-rate regimes. Lets take a look (see accompanying chart).Free-Market Regimes.Under a fixed-rate regime, a countrys monetary base is determined by the balance of payments, moving in a one-to-one correspondence with changes in its foreign reserves. With both of these free-market exchange rate mechanisms, there cannot be conflicts between monetary and exchange rate policies, and balance-of-payments crises (and hot-money flows) cannot rear their ugly heads. Floating- and fixed-rate regimes are inherently equilibrium systems in which market forces act to automatically rebalance financial flows and avert balance-of-payments crises and hot money flows.Pegged Rates Invite Trouble.Most economists use fixed and pegged as interchangeable or nearly interchangeable terms for exchange rates. While these two types are superficially similar, they are fundamentally very different types of exchange-rate arrangements. Pegged-rate systems are those where the monetary authority is aiming for more than one target at a time. Indeed, pegged rates require a central bank to manage both the exchange rate and monetary policy.With a pegged rate, the monetary base contains both domestic and foreign components. Pegged systems which include pegged, but adjustable rates, crawling pegs, and managed floating rates go hand-in-glove with hot money flows. These systems often employ exchange controls and are not free-market mechanisms for international balance-of-payments adjustments. Pegged exchange rates (gengistylling) are inherently disequilibrium systems, lacking an automatic mechanism to produce balance-of-payments adjustments.Unlike floating and fixed rates, pegged rates invariably result in conflicts between monetary and exchange rate policies. For example, when capital inflows become excessive under a pegged system, a central bank often attempts to sterilize the ensuing increase in the foreign component of the monetary base by selling bonds, reducing the domestic component of the base. And when outflows become excessive, a central bank attempts to offset the decrease in the foreign component of the base by buying bonds, increasing the domestic component of the monetary base.Balance-of-payments crises erupt as a central bank begins to offset more and more of the reduction in the foreign component of the monetary base with domestically created base money. When this occurs, it is only a matter of time before currency speculators spot the contradictions between exchange rate and monetary policies (as they did in the Asian financial crisis of 199798) and force a devaluation, the imposition of exchange controls, or both.Hot Money and Exchange Controls.Hot money flows are principally associated with pegged exchange rates. Many analysts have misdiagnosed the so-called hot money problem because they have failed to appreciate this all-important linkage. In consequence, they have prescribed exchange controls as a cure-all to cool off the hot money. That prescription treats the symptoms. It fails to treat the disease: pegged exchange rates. Until pegged rates are abandoned, there will be volatile hot money flows and calls to cool the hot money with exchange controls.Currency convertibility is a simple concept. It means residents and nonresidents are free to exchange domestic currency for foreign currency. However, there are many degrees of convertibility, with each denoting the extent to which governments impose controls on the exchange and use of currency.The pedigree of exchange controls can be traced back to Plato, the father of statism (rķkisforsjį). Inspired by Lycurgus of Sparta, Plato embraced the idea of an inconvertible currency as a means to preserve the autonomy of the state from outside interference. It is no wonder that the leadership in Beijing finds the idea of an inconvertable yuan so attractive.The temptation to turn to exchange controls in the face of disruptions caused by hot money flows is hardly new. Tsar Nicholas II first pioneered limitations on convertibility in modern times, ordering the State Bank of Russia to introduce, in 190506, a limited form of exchange control to discourage speculative purchases of foreign exchange. The bank did so by refusing to sell foreign exchange, except where it could be shown that it was required to buy imported goods. Otherwise, foreign exchange was limited to 50,000 German marks per person. The Tsars rationale for exchange controls was that of limiting hot money flows, so that foreign reserves and the exchange rate could be maintained. The more things change, the more they remain the same.Before more politicians come under the spell of exchange controls, they should reflect on the following passage from Nobel laureate Friedrich Hayeks 1944 classic, The Road to Serfdom:
Hayeks message about convertibility has regrettably been overlooked by many contemporary economists. Exchange controls are nothing more than a ring fence within which governments can expropriate their subjects property. Open exchange and capital markets, in fact, protect the individual from exactions, because governments must reckon with the possibility of capital flight.From this it follows that the imposition of exchange controls leads to an instantaneous reduction in the wealth of the country, because all assets decline in value. To see why, it is important to understand how assets are priced.The value of any asset is the sum of the expected future installments of income it generates discounted to the present value. For example, the price of a stock represents the value to the investor now of his share of the companys future cash flows, whether issued as dividends or reinvested. The present value of future income is calculated using an appropriate interest rate that is adjusted for the various risks that the income may not materialize.When convertibility is restricted, risk increases, because property is held hostage and is subject to a potential ransom through expropriation. As a result, the risk-adjusted interest rate employed to value assets is higher than it would be with full convertibility. Investors are willing to pay less for each dollar of prospective income and the value of property is less than it would be with full convertibility.This result, incidentally, is the case even when convertibility is allowed for profit remittances. With less than full convertibility, there is still a danger the government will confiscate property without compensation.That explains why foreign investors are less willing to invest new money in a country with such controls, even with guarantees on profit remittances.Investors become justifiably nervous when they expect that a government may impose exchange controls. Settled money becomes hot and capital flight occurs. Asset owners liquidate their property and get out while the getting is good. Contrary to popular wisdom, restrictions on convertibility do not retard capital flight, they promote it.Full convertibility is the only guarantee that protects peoples right to what belongs to them. Even if governments are not compelled by arguments on the grounds of freedom, the prospect of seeing every asset in the country suddenly lose value as a result of exchange controls should give policymakers pause.This brings us to China a country with a plethora of exchange controls and an inconvertible currency. Beijing should adopt a fixed exchangerate regime. This would force Beijing to dump exchange controls and make the yuan fully convertible. Such a Big Bang would muzzle the China-bashers and put Beijing in the drivers seat. After all, China would then have a stable, freemarket exchange-rate regime. |
19.4.2013 | 08:29
Anti-EU parties poised for victory in Iceland
Anti-EU parties poised for victory in Iceland.Fyrst birt hjį EuropeanVoice.com 18. aprķl 2013.Andrew Gardner.Progressives could form single-party government.The sole established pro-European Union party in Iceland, the governing Social Democrats (SDA), is set to be crushed in a highly volatile and potentially historic parliamentary election on 27 April.The dominant question of a campaign in which the country's bid for EU membership has been largely marginalised, is now whether the centre-right Progressive Party can maintain the momentum that has taken it from 12.7% in the polls in December to 40.8% in early April. A small increase would enable it to form the first single-party government since Iceland gained full independence from Denmark in 1944.An outright majority for the Progressives or a coalition with the other right-wing party, the Independence Party would result in a referendum on halting talks on EU membership immediately. Roughly two-thirds of Icelanders have consistently said they oppose joining the EU, but a thin majority want negotiations to be completed.Observers attribute the revolution in the Progressive Party's fortunes to other parties' weaknesses, and to its determined opposition to a deal to compensate Dutch and British savers hit when the collapse of Landsbanki in 2008 resulted in losses for holders of its online Icesave account. In January, the court of the European Free-Trade Association ruled that Iceland did not have to reimburse depositors.Loss of support.The consistency of the Progressives' position has differentiated it from the performance of Bjarni Benediktsson, the leader of the Independence Party and for a long time the probable next premier. Before a 2011 referendum, Benediktsson had said voters should support a deal with London and The Hague as the best on offer. Sigmundur Gunnlaugsson, the Progressives' leader, has reinforced his advantage by maintaining discipline over a diverse party, in sharp contrast to the divisions within other parties.The centre-left Social Democrats and the hard-left Left-Green Movement (LGM) joined forces to form a government in the wake of the 2008 economic crisis, which resulted in Iceland being put under an International Monetary Fund programme, now all but completed. However, the parties' differences over Europe the LGM opposes accession undermined the government. Four defections eventually reduced it to just 30 seats in the 63-seat Althingi.Jóhanna Siguršardóttir, seen by many as a weak and ineffectual prime minister, has stepped down as party leader, as has the LGM's Steingrķmur Sigfśsson, but neither change has arrested the slide in support. In early April, the SDA had 9.7% and the LGM had 5.7%; in 2009, the SDA won 29.8% of the vote, and the LGM 21.7%.The main beneficiary had long been expected to be the Independence Party, but a party conference in February contributed to its post-Icesave decline. A strongly anti-EU line emerged, including a resolution to close the EU's information office. That amplified doubts about the ability of Benediktsson, who became leader in 2009, to impose himself on a party that served in every government until 2009, and that led the country into the economic crisis.While the Progressives have gained most from other parties' weaknesses, two new parties Bright Future and the Pirate Party should win enough votes to enter parliament.The left-of-centre Bright Future looks likely to emerge in third place, making it the most powerful pro-EU party in parliament.In coalition talks, the principal issue other than a referendum to end EU talks would be Iceland's policy on the determining EU-related issue for most Icelanders, management of fisheries. The one certainty is that a tough position will emerge. |
18.4.2013 | 08:01
Steve H. Hanke: Europe, A Troubled Region
Steve H. Hanke: Europe, A Troubled Region.Fyrst birt ķ maķ-hefti GlobeAsia 2013.Steve H. Hanke.The most recent banking crisis in Europe erupted on the Island of Cyprus. Among other things, one result of the final EU-IMF bailout package was the imposition of capital controls, or restrictions on currency convertibility.Currency convertibility is a simple concept. It means residents and nonresidents are free to exchange domestic currency for foreign currency. However, there are many degrees of convertibility, with each denoting the extent to which governments impose controls on the exchange and use of currency.The pedigree of exchange controls can be traced back to Plato, the father of statism (rķkisforsjį). Inspired by Lycurgus of Sparta, Plato embraced the idea of an inconvertible currency as a means to preserve the autonomy of the state from outside interference.The temptation to turn to exchange controls in the face of disruptions caused by hot money flows is hardly new. Tsar Nicholas II first pioneered limitations on convertibility in modern times, ordering the State Bank of Russia to introduce, in 190506, a limited form of exchange control to discourage speculative purchases of foreign exchange. The bank did so by refusing to sell foreign exchange, except where it could be shown that it was required to buy imported goods. Otherwise, foreign exchange was limited to 50,000 German marks per person. The Tsars rationale for exchange controls was that of limiting hot money flows, so that foreign reserves and the exchange rate could be maintained. The more things change, the more they remain the same.Before more politicians come under the spell of exchange controls, they should reflect on the following passage from Nobel laureate Friedrich Hayeks 1944 classic, The Road to Serfdom:
Hayeks message about convertibility has regrettably been overlooked by many contemporary economists. Exchange controls are nothing more than a ring fence within which governments can expropriate their subjects property. Open exchange and capital markets, in fact, protect the individual from exactions, because governments must reckon with the possibility of capital flight.From this it follows that the imposition of exchange controls leads to an instantaneous reduction in the wealth of the country, because all assets decline in value. To see why, it is important to understand how assets are priced.The value of any asset is the sum of the expected future installments of income it generates discounted to the present value. For example, the price of a stock represents the value to the investor now of his share of the companys future cash flows, whether issued as dividends or reinvested. The present value of future income is calculated using an appropriate interest rate that is adjusted for the various risks that the income may not materialize.When convertibility is restricted, risk increases, because property is held hostage and is subject to a potential ransom through expropriation. As a result, the risk-adjusted interest rate employed to value assets is higher than it would be with full convertibility. Investors are willing to pay less for each dollar of prospective income and the value of property is less than it would be with full convertibility.This result, incidentally, is the case even when convertibility is allowed for profit remittances. With less than full convertibility, there is still a danger the government will confiscate property without compensation. That explains why foreign investors are less willing to invest new money in a country with such controls, even with guarantees on profit remittances.Investors become justifiably nervous when they expect that a government may impose exchange controls. Settled money becomes hot and capital flight occurs. Asset owners liquidate their property and get out while the getting is good. Contrary to popular wisdom, restrictions on convertibility do not retard capital flight, they promote it.That said, some proponents parade Malaysias 1998 experiment with capital controls as an example of the successful use of capital controls. This is simply nonsense. In 2006, Prof. Simon Johnson of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), et al. convincingly refuted claims of macroeconomic benefits resulting from Malaysias imposition of capital controls. In fact, he found that capital controls bred official corruption. As Prof. Andrei Shleifer of Harvard (2009) demonstrated, South Korea actually recovered much faster than Malaysia in the aftermath of the Asian financial crisis.Full convertibility is the only guarantee that protects peoples right to what belongs to them. Even if governments are not compelled by arguments on the grounds of freedom, the prospect of seeing every asset in the country suddenly lose value as a result of exchange controls should give policymakers pause.Unfortunately for Cyprus, capital controls are only the beginning of the bad news. European and Cypriot leaders have tried to assuage fears that the Cypriot economy will collapse by painting downplaying Cyprus impending GDP contraction. But, as a recently leaked report by the esteemed boutique investment bank Alvarez and Marsal confirms, this will not be the case. |
17.4.2013 | 10:24
Aš bręša Snjóhengju og slökkva eignabruna er aušvelt meš fastgengi
Aš bręša Snóhengju og slökkva eignabruna er aušvelt meš fastgengi.Fyrst birt ķ Morgunblašinu 17. aprķl 2013.Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson.Umręša um stęrstu vandamįl landsmanna einkennist af varšstöšu um sérhagsmuni. Hér er vķsaš til žeirra vandamįla sem stafa af Snjóhengju og vķsitölulįnum. Ķsland į ekki alvöru pening (gjaldeyri) til aš hleypa fram Snjóhengjunni. Žess ķ staš, veršur aš bręša hana og žaš višfangsefni er aušvelt, ef menn kunna til verka og vilja leysa vandann.Eftir aš gengislįn voru dęmd ólögleg, liggur fyrir aš vķsitölulįn hljóta aš vera žaš einnig. Augljóst samband er į milli hękkana lįnavķsitölunnar og gengisbreytinga Krónunnar. Žetta samband er hęgt aš sanna stęršfręšilega og lįnavķsitalan er žvķ afleiša af flotgengi Krónunnar. Viš bankahruniš stökkbreyttist höfušstóll hśsnęšislįna og eignabruni fylgdi ķ kjölfariš.Lįnavķsitölu hśsnęšislįna veršur žvķ aš fęra til baka, į sama hįtt og veriš er aš gera meš gengistryggšu lįnin. Hins vegar er ekki hęgt aš treysta į skilvirkni rķkiskerfisins og leišréttingar kunna aš taka langan tķma. Žaš leysingavatn sem losnar viš bręšslu Snjóhengjunnar er kęrkomiš tęki til aš stökkva eignabruna heimilanna.Fastgengi aušveldar bręšslu Snjóhengjunnar.Aš bręša Snjóhengjuna er aušveldast ķ skjóli fastgengis og upptaka fastgengis er einföld ašgerš. Fastgengi getur veriš af tveimur geršum, žaš er aš segja upptaka erlends gjaldmišils (Kanadadals), eša stofnun myntrįšs sem annast śtgįfu innlendrar myntar (Rķkisdals). Kostnašur viš stofnun myntrįšs veršur um 50 milljaršar Króna. Lagt er til, aš Sešlabankinn leggi til 45 milljarša ķ Kanadadölum til aš innleysa žęr Krónur sem hann er meš ķ umferš og aš rķkiš leggi til afganginn.Til aš hraša upptöku fastgengis er einfaldast aš taka fyrst upp Kanadadal, sem hęgt er aš gera į einni viku. Aš 12 mįnušum lišnum hęfist sķšan starfsemi myntrįšs meš śtgįfu Rķkisdals. Bęši Rķkisdalur og Kanadadalur verša lögeyrir til frambśšar, en Krónan um takmarkašan tķma. Fastgengi meš fyrirkomlagi myntrįšs veršur aš festa ķ Stjórnarskrįna, til aš žaš hafi trśveršugleika. Žess vegna er hyggilegt aš ętla 12 mįnuši ķ undirbśning.Vegna rangra upplżsinga, sem aš undanförnu hafa komiš fram, mį nefna aš einungis myntslįttur (sešlabankar eša myntrįš) gefa śt peninga. Fjarstęša er aš halda fram, aš peningavelta višskiptabanka sé śtgįfa peninga. Engir peningar verša til viš aš ašilar skiptist į fjįrkröfum. Ef banna ętti bönkum aš endurlįna peninga sem žeir fį til varšveizlu, jafngilti žaš banni į starfsemi banka.Sešlabanki og Samfylking standa vörš um sérhagsmuni.Fram aš žessu hefur hugmyndum um fastgengi veriš vķsaš į bug, af Sešlabankanum og rķkisstjórn Jóhönnu Siguršardóttur. Hinum furšulegustu mótbįrum hefur veriš beitt, sem allar er aušvelt aš hrekja. Stašreyndin er sś aš žessir ašilar hafa veriš aš verja sérhagsmuni, sem eru ķ fullkominni andstöšu viš hagsmuni žjóšarinnar. Meš röngum fullyršingum um gjaldmišilsmįl eru Starfsmenn Sešlabankans aš vernda eigiš skinn. Allir vita, aš žegar tekiš veršur upp fastgengi og Sešlabankinn lagšur nišur mun fjölmennt starfsliš Sešlabankans verša aš leita sér annara starfa.Samfylkingin er ofstękisfullur rétttrśar-söfnušur, sem notar žaš sem hendi er nęrst til aš réttlęta innlimum Ķslands ķ Evrópusambandiš. Žótt Evran verši ekki tekin upp įn ašildar aš ESB, talar Samfylking um fastgengi meš Evru, eins og ekki komi ašrir möguleikar til įlita. Gjarnan vķsa ESB-vinirnir til rangra fullyršinga Sešlabankans. Mįlflutningur žessara ašila er jafn innantómur og barįtta sömu ašila var ķ žįgu Icesave-kśgunar nżlenduveldanna.Rķkisstjórn Jóhönnu Siguršardóttur skapaši Snjóhengjuna.Neyšarlögin frį 06. október 2008 heimilušu rķkinu aš stofna og eiga nżgju bankana. Fyrirséš var aš bankarnir yršu gullnįma, vegna dulins eiginfjįr, sem stafaši af fyrirfram afskriftum og einokunar-ašstöšu į markašnum. Įn fyrirvara, afsalaši rķkisstjórnin bönkunum ķ hendur hręgamma og keypti sķšan einn žeirra aftur, meš 300 milljarša skuldabréfi ķ erlendum gjaldeyri. Žannig skapaši rķkisstjórnin Snjóhengjuna. Um sķšustu įramót var eiginfé bankanna žriggja yfir 500 milljaršar Króna.Hręgammarnir, sem ennžį eiga tvo bankanna, krefjast žess aš Sešlabankinn breyti eignum žeirra ķ alvöru pening (gjaldeyri). Raunverulega į Sešlabankinn engan gjaldeyri, žvķ aš hann er allur tekinn aš lįni. Rķkisstjórnin hefur skuldsett rķkiš svo hrošalega, aš vextir af erlendum lįnum nema įrlega um 100 milljöršum Króna. Snjóhengjan veldur gjaldeyrishöftum og engin möguleiki er aš leysa žau nema bręša Snjóhengjuna. Sś ašgerš gerir fęrt aš leišrétta skuldir heimilanna.Žegar Kanadadalur/Rķkisdalur hefur veriš tekinn upp veršur Krónan įfram į įbyrgš Sešlabankans um tiltekinn tķma. Viš gjaldmišlaskiptin fęrist hagkerfiš yfir į nżgja gjaldmišilinn og žótt Krónan lękki ķ verši, hefur žaš engin önnur įhrif en aš skuldbindingar ķ Krónum lękka aš veršmęti. Hagkerfiš hefur fengiš langžrįšan stöšugleika, er laust viš gjaldeyrishöft og möguleikar opnast til aš bęta stöšu heimilanna.Snjóhengjan veldur gjaldeyrishöftum og engin möguleiki er aš leysa žau nema bręša Snjóhengjuna. Sś ašgerš gerir fęrt aš leišrétta skuldir heimilanna. |
16.4.2013 | 18:07
»Fastgengi« tryggir sjįlfkrafa stöšugleika og aukinn hagvöxt
»Fastgengi« tryggir sjįlfkrafa stöšugleika og aukinn hagvöxt.Fyrst birt 16. aprķl 2013.Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson.Fjįrmagn ķ umferš er annars vegar peningar sem śtgefnir eru af myntslįttu (sešlabanka, myntrįši eša erlendir peningar) og hins vegar skuldbindingar sem einstaklingar og fyrirtęki gera meš gjaldmišilinn sem višmiš. Ef peningakerfi vęri gert upp myndu skuldbindingarnar žurrkast śt, en eftir standa peningarnir.Ef um er aš ręša fullkominn sżndarpening (fiat money), stendur engin stošmynt eša önnur veršmęti į bak viš hann, peningurinn er einskis virši. Ef peningurinn er alvöru (real money), žį er hęgt aš skipta honum öllum hjį myntslįttunni fyrir alžjóšlega stošmynt og bókhald peningakerfisins gengur žį upp. Myntrįš į alltaf stošmynt til aš skipta fyrir śtgefinn pening. Undir stjórn sešlabanka liggur įstandiš einhver stašar į milli, en enginn veit hver raunveruleg staša er.Įn óešlilegra afskipta rķkisvaldsins, ręšst fjįrmagn ķ umferš af efnahagslegum umsvifum ķ hagkerfinu. Aukning fjįrmagns ķ umferš er merki um hrašari śtgįfu skuldbindinga, eša meiri žörf fyrir sešla og mynt. Vegna tęknižróunar er nśna ekki jafn mikil žörf fyrir peninga og įšur var, heldur eru skuldbindingar geršar ķ auknum męli rafręnt. Ekki er hęgt aš auka fjįrmagn ķ umferš, hvort sem um er aš ręša peninga eša skuldbindingar, nema eftirspurn sé eftir žvķ.Sś hugmynd aš višskiptabankar gefi śt peninga er röng. Bankarnir gefa śt skuldbindingar og žaš er verkefni eftirlitsašila aš gęta žess aš skuldir og eignir umfram eiginfé standist į, hjį hverjum banka. Aukinn hraši ķ innlįnum og śtlįnum bankanna er ekki merki um aukna śtgįfu peninga, heldur betri nżtingu veršmęta.Hvaš er veršbólga?Veršbólga er hękkun į verši vöru og žjónustu, frį einum tķma til annars. Hśn stafar oft af tveimur įstęšum. Innri įstęša veršbólgu stafar öšru fremur af hagvexti og til lengri tķma hlżtur žessi veršbólga aš vera ķ samręmi viš uppsafnašan hagvöxt. Ytri įstęša veršbólgu er oftast gengisfall gjaldmišilsins og getur aušveldlega fariš fullkomlega śr böndum. Įstęšan fyrir óšaveršbólgu er ekki sķšur huglęg en efnahagsleg.Veršbólga stafi žvķ ekki af aukningu į peningamagni ķ umferš. Hvorki er hęgt aš neyša in į hagkerfiš peningum né skuldbindingum. Žaš er efnahagsįstand hagkerfisins sem kallar į aukningu eša minnkum peningamagns. Ef til dęmis veršlag hefur hękkaš um 50%, žį veršur fjįrmagn ķ umferš aš vera 50% meira, til aš žjóna sama tilgangi og įšur. Žaš er žvķ verbólgan sem kemur į undan aukningu peningamagns, en ekki į eftir.Hvernig er hęgt aš minnka veršbólgu?Til aš skapa stöšugleika, sem merkir minni veršbólgu og af stöšugleika leišir minni eignabruni og meiri kaupmįttur, er naušsynlegt aš koma į alvöru fastgengi. Einungis tķmabundiš gagn getur veriš aš tylltu-gengi, žvķ aš žaš fyrirkomulag gengis hrynur innan skamms. Eini munurinn į flotgengi og tylltu-gengi er aš flotgengi fellur jafnt og žétt, en tyllt-gengi ķ stökkum.Fastgengi veršur ekki komiš į, nema leggja Sešlabankann nišur og taka upp myntrįš, eša taka ķ notkun alžjóšlegan gjaldmišil. Aušvelt er aš skipta į milli žessara tveggja forma fastgengis, en stofnun myntrįšs tekur lengri tķma. Alžjóšlegan gjaldmišil er hęgt aš taka upp į viku, en myntrįš žarf 12 mįnuši, žvķ aš fyrirkomulag žess veršur aš festa ķ Stjórnarskrįna.Myntrįš į Ķslandi žarf aš hafa stošmynt ķ varasjóši, sem nemur um 50 milljöršum Króna. Ešlilegt er aš Sešlabankinn leysi śt meš gjaldeyri žį 45 milljarša sem hann er meš śtistandandi ķ Krónum. Rķkiš leggur til myntrįšsins žann gjaldeyri sem į vantar, en fęr sķšar til eignar žann myntgróša sem myndast hjį myntrįšinu. |
14.4.2013 | 15:47
Įbyrgš og śrręši ķ efnahagsmįlum
Įbyrgš og śrręši ķ efnahagsmįlum.Fyrst birt į vef Evrópunefndar Sjįlfstęšisflokks 11. janśar 2009.Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson.Žęr efnahags-žrengingar sem Ķslendsk žjóš gengur nś ķ gegnum, eru ekki nįttśruhamfarir žótt sumir reyni aš koma žeirri hugsum inn ķ huga fólks. Megin-orsökin er ekki "efnahags-bóla sem sprakk", "lausafjįr-skortur bankanna", eša "mistök bankastjóra Sešlabankans". Žrįtt fyrir aš žessir žęttir allir hafi komiš viš sögu, mega allir vita, aš hagkerfi Ķslands bżr viš kerfisvanda, sem var megin-orsök efnahags-hrunsins. Skiptigengi Krónunnar féll og žar meš stöšugleiki alls hagkerfisins.Öllum er frjįlst aš hafa sķna skošun į efnahagslegum stöšugleika. Ég žekki fólk sem telur aš yfirstandandi kreppa sé naušsynleg og geri sama gagn og hundahreinsun ķ barįttu viš sullaveiki. Flestir eiga erfitt meš aš samžykkja žetta višhorf og telja žaš ganga nęrst hugleišingum um sjįlfsmorš.Efnahagskreppur hafa gengiš yfir öll samfélög og eru žvķ alžjóšlegt fyrirbęri. Um žetta fyrirbęri hafa žvķ margir hugsaš og um žaš hafa veriš ritašar langar ritgeršir. Ekki er žvķ śr vegi, aš gefa gaum aš nokkrum kjarnyrtum ummęlum valinkunnra manna.Karl August Fritz Schiller (1911 - 1994), sem var višskiptarįšherra Žżšskalands 1966 til 1972 og jafnframt fjįrmįlarįšherra 1971 til 1972, mun hafa sagt:
Annar Žjóšverji aš nafni Ludwig Wilhelm Erhard (1897 - 1977), sem 1963 til 1966 var forveri Schiller ķ embętti višskiptarįšherra, hafši einnig skošanir į efnahagsmįlum, sem hugsanlega eiga erindi til okkar. Hann sagši:
Skošum einnig hvaš Fritz Leutwiler (1924 - 1997), fyrrverandi bankastjóri sešlabankans ķ Svisslandi, hefur aš segja um veršbólgu:
Žeir sem hafa sömu afstöšu til efnahagslegra kollsteypa og žeir erlendu menn sem aš framan greinir, ęttu aš kynna sér hvaša möguleikar eru til aš foršast slķkt. Lausnin er fólgin ķ aš leggja nišur Sešlabanka Ķslands og taka upp žver-öfuga stefnu viš peningastefnu hans. Slķk stefna er śtfęrš undir stjórn Myntrįšs og ef rétt er aš mįlum stašiš, er 100% öruggt aš efnahagslegur stöšugleiki nęst.Žeir sem leggja trśnaš į žessar fullyršingar mķnar, vilja ešlilega vita orsakir žess aš sešlabanki og myntrįš eru aš flestu leyti andstęšir pólar. Eftirfarandi eru nokkrar žeirra spurninga sem koma viš sögu.
Sešlabankar segjast hafa efnahagslegan stöšugleika aš markmiši. Raunveruleikinn er sį, aš oftar en ekki hella žeir olķu į eldinn. Śrręši žeirra eru verri en vandamįliš. Til aš halda gengi gjaldmišilsins stöšugu, hefur Sešlabankinn tvęr meginašferšir. Annars vegar er genginu tyllt viš myntkörfu eša sterkan gjaldmišil og gefin fögur fyrirheit um aš žaš sé nś fast. Hin leišin er aš lįta gengiš fljóta og trśa blint į, aš gjaldeyris-markašur finni hiš eina rétta gengi į hverjum tķma.Bįšar ašferšir sešlabankanna eru gagnslausar, žótt žęr séu hęttulausar žegar efnahagsumhverfiš er rólegt. Um leiš og eitthvaš reynir į gjaldmišilinn bregšast bįšar ašferšir. Ķ raun eru bįšar ašferšir flotgengi og eini munur žeirra er žaš śtlit sem fall-ferill Krónunnar hefur. Į aš lįta feguršarskyn rįša vali peningastefnunnar ?Meginverkefni peningastefnu sešlabankanna er aš žjóna pólitķskum öflum en ekki efnahagslegum žörfum almennings. Enginn tekur mark į innistęšulausum yfirlżsingum sešlabanka um aš gengiš standi traustum fótum, enda vinna žeir sjįlfir oftast einaršlega gegn yfirlżstum markmišum. Meš reglulegu millibili missa sešlabankar tökin į efnahagsmįlunum og koma hagkerfunum į kaldan klakann. Óšaveršbólga tekur viš af gengisfalli og almenningur fęr aš blęša fyrir mistökin.Peningar ķ umferš eru įvķsun į gjaldeyrisforša žess sem er śtgefandi gjaldmišilsins. Handhafar peninganna hafa veitt śtgefandanum vaxtalaust lįn. Gjaldeyrisforšinn er baktrygging gjaldmišilsins og mikilvęgt aš sś baktrygging sé 100%, aš öšrum kosti er gjaldmišillinn of hįtt skrįšur og hlżtur aš lękka fljótlega. Meš öšrum oršum, gengisfall stafar af eyšslu umfram tekjur, sem leišir til neikvęšrar eignastöšu landsins. Gjaldeyrinn er hin raunverulega eign, ekki óljós loforš yfirvalda eša tilvķsun ķ aušlindir ķ landinu.Vilji menn ķ alvöru skapa stöšugleika ķ hagkerfi, er myntrįš eina lausnin. Myntrįš starfar eftir föstum ósveigjanlegum reglum, sem tryggja stöšugt og fast gengi gjaldmišilsins. Višfangsefni myntrįšs er aš gefa śt gjaldmišil landsins, til dęmis Ķslendskan dollar (ISD) og varšveita stoš-mynt (anchor currency), sem ķ okkar tilfelli er ešlilegt aš sé US-dollar (USD). Bezt er aš hafa skiptihlutfalliš 1 ISD = 1 USD, žvķ aš žannig verša öll višskipti meš bįša gjaldmišlana aušveld innanlands.Heldsta įstęša žess aš sešlabankar njóta ekki trausts, er sś aš žeir fylgja svonefndri torgreindri peningastefnu (discretionary monetary policy). Ķ samręmi viš žessa stefnu lķta sešlabankar svo į, aš žaš sé žeirra einkamįl hvernig fjįrmįlum žjóšarinnar er hagaš. Öšrum kemur žaš hreinlega ekki viš hvaš sešlabankinn er aš sżsla og žaš žykir kostur į žeim bę, aš koma almenningi į óvart.Myntrįš fylgja hins vegar stefnu sem nefnd er reglu-bundin peningastefna (rule-bound monetary policy). Einkenni žessarar stefnu er aš allar reglur varšandi gjaldmišilinn liggja fyrir og eru aušskiljanlegar. Višskiptalķfiš įkvešur til dęmis peningamagn ķ umferš og vaxtastigiš įkvešst af vaxtastigi į myntsvęši stošmyntarinnar. Viš aš halda genginu föstu, hęttir gengisfall aš bęta ķ veršbólguna og jafnframt stöšvast eignabruninn. Lįnskjaravķsitala veršur óžörf, žvķ aš gjaldmišillinn sjįlfur tekur viš af vķsitölunni, sem veršmętatrygging.Žeir sem vilja frekari upplżsingar um upptöku Ķslendsks Dollars, meš Myntrįši og baktryggingu USD, geta fundiš žęr hér:http://samstada-thjodar.blog.is/blog/samstada-thjodar/entry/1230005/ |
Sjįlfstęšisflokkur bżšur upp į »dramatķskt« leikverk ķ ašdraganda kosninga.Fyrst birt 12. aprķl 2013.Loftur Altice Žosteinsson.Leikendur:Fyrsta dramadrottning: Bjarni Benediktsson.Önnur dramadrottning: Hanna Birna Kristjįnsdóttir.<><>Óbreyttir félagsmenn ķ Sjįlfstęšisflokki horfa undrandi į forustu flokksins gera hver mistökin į fętur öšru. Strax eftir Landsfund komu formašur og varaformašur fram opinberlega og lżstu žvķ yfir aš ekkert vęri aš marka įgętar samžykktir fundarins. Žó hafši Landsfundurinn śtvatnaš žęr tillögur sem komu frį undirbśningsnefndum. Žetta į sérstaklega viš um tillögur Efnahags- og višskiptanefndar, sem alger einhugur var um ķ nefndinni.Tveim vikum fyrir kosningar kemur formašurinn fram ķ drottningarvištali hjį Rķkisśtvarpinu og barmar sér undan skošanakönnun, sem sżnir aš varaformašurinn nżtur meiri hylli en sjįlfur formašurinn. Könnunin viršist benda til aš Sjįlfstęšisflokkur fengi atkvęši einhverra kjósenda, sem ętla aš kjósa Framsóknarflokk, bara ef varaformašur og formašur skiptu į sléttu um tignarstöšur.Formašurinn unir žessari nišurstöšu könnunarinnar svo illa aš hann hótar aš hugleiša afsögn, ekki bara aš standa upp śr formannsstólnum heldur aš segja aš fullu skiliš viš stjórnmįl. Hann segist hafa gefiš fjölskyldunni loforš um aš annaš hvort verši hann formašur įfram eša hann lįti ekki sjį sig ķ pólitķsku starfi. Żtarleg samręša fór fram į skjįnum um hvort formašurinn vęri ómissandi eša ekki.Hvorki spyrjendur né višmęlandi virtust hafa neinn įhuga į aš ręša stefnu Sjįlfstęšisflokks, eša žaš undarlega frįvik sem er į žeirra stefnu sem forustu Flokksins bošar nś landslżš og žeirri stefnu sem mörkuš var meš samžykktum Landsfundar. Ef rętt hefši veriš um mikilvęg mįlefni lands og lżšs, hefši vištališ aušvitaš ekki veriš drottningarvištal.Aš sjįlfsögšu er miklu įhugaveršara aš ręša fjölskyldumįl formannsins, en hvaš honum hefur hugkvęmst aš vęri śtskżring į žeirra afstöšu flestra žingmanna flokksins, aš ganga til lišs viš rķkisstjórnina og nżlenduveldin viš aš koma Icesave-klafanum į heršar žjóšarinnar. Nś hefur žjóšinni hlotnast sį heišur og įnęgja aš velta fyrir sér ķ 2-3 daga hvort formašurinn muni sitja eša ekki sitja. Žetta er spurning sem krefst allrar athygli žeirrar lķtilžęgu žjóšar sem Ķsland byggir.Aušvitaš var ekki hęgt aš višhalda dramatķk leikverksins nema varaformašurinn fengi tękifęri til aš sżna hvaš ķ jįrnfrśnni bżr. Morgunblašiš var kjörinn vettvangur fyrir žennan kafla, sem var rķkulega myndskreyttur. Žeirri spurningu var beint til varformannsins, hvaš hśn vildi segja um žį kjósendur Framsóknarflokks sem myndu snśa aftur til Sjįlfstęšisflokks bara ef hśn vęri formašur. Hanna Birna svaraši:
Varla er hęgt aš bišja um meiri hógvęrš en birtist ķ žessum oršum. Varaformašurinn viršist telja sig įskrifanda aš stušningi kjósenda Framsóknarflokks. Óljóst er žó af hvaša tilefni męlingar žęr voru geršar, sem varaformašurinn nefnir. Frį žeim męlingum hefur žaš breyzt, aš varaformašurinn tilheyrir nś forustu Sjįlfstęšisflokks. Annaš mįl er hvernig stušningsmenn Framsóknarflokks geta einnig stutt bęši varaformanninn og Sjįlfstęšisflokk. Dramatķkin er į sušupunkti.Žaš liggur sem sagt fyrir, aš skošanakönnunin sżnir aš stušningsmenn varaformanns Sjįlfstęšisflokks ętla aš kjósa Framsóknarflokk. Žegar spurt er hvort žetta veiki ekki Sjįlfstęšisflokk ķ kosningabarįttunni, žį er svar varaformannsins:
Varaformašurinn er sem sagt svo öflugur aš hęgt er aš tala um hann ķ fleirtölu. Žegar kemur aš spurningu um hvort óįnęgja meš framkvęmd Landsfundarins skżri aš einhverju leyti minnkandi fylgi viš Sjįlfstęšisflokkinn, žį er svariš:
Nś er žaš stašreynd aš fylgi Sjįlfstęšisflokks tók aš dala ķ desember 2012 og hefur minnkaš jafnt og žétt sķšan, nęr lķnulega. Śrskuršur EFTA-dómstólsins fell 28. janśar 2013, žannig aš einhverjir Sjįlfstęšismenn hafa žvķ vęntanlega séš fyrir hver śrskuršurinn yrši. Raunar var almenn vitneskja um žaš į mešal Sjįlfstęšismanna, aš Ķsland bar engar lagalegar skyldur til aš beygja sig fyrir kröfum nżlenduveldanna. Hvernig gat sś vitneskja fariš fram hjį žingmönnum Flokksins?Įstęša er aš vekja sérstaklega athygli į eftirfarandi oršum varaformannsins:
Ekkert svar kemur viš žvķ hvers vegna Flokkurinn tók ekki stóran slag til aš vernda žjóšina fyrir Icesave-III-samningunum. Hvers vegna gekk Flokkurinn til lišs viš rķkisstjórn Jóhönnu Siguršardóttur, žegar reynt var aš hafa fé og ęru af žjóšinni? Allir Sjįlfstęšismenn vita aš sś hugmynd aš setja Icesave-III-samningana ķ žjóšarkönnun var fyrirslįttur og žaš af kjįnalegu geršinni, žvķ aš vitaš var fyrirfram aš žjóšarkönnun um Icesave yrši ekki samžykkt.Sś leiksżning flestra žingmanna Flokksins, aš samžykkja Icesave-III en boša žjóšarkönnun, var spegilmynd žeirrar pólitķsku leikfléttu Vinstri-gręnna aš vera į móti innlimun Ķslands ķ ESB, en samžykkja samt ašlögun Samfylkingar.Sannast sagna skilur vištališ viš varaformanninn lesendur eftir į barmi taugaįfalls, enda er žaš einkenni góšra »dramatķskra« leikverka. Sjįlfstęšismenn bķša spenntir eftir leikslokum ķ višureign formannsins og varaformannsins. Śrslit Alžingiskosninganna er aušvitaš aukaatriši og mynda einungis višeigandi ramma um »dramaš«. |
Loforš Framsóknar eru ekki skašleg, heldur naušsynleg hagsmunamįl Ķslands.Fyrst birt 11. aprķl 2013.Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson.Velgengni Framsóknarflokks veldur verulegum titringi hjį žeim flokkum sem telja sig EIGA žį kjósendur sem kusu žį sķšast, nęrst-sķšast, eša einhverntķma įšur. Framsóknarflokkur hefur sett fram mjög trśveršugar hugmyndur um hvernig hęgt er aš nota Snjóhengjuna til aš bęta hag heimilanna. Gegn žessum hugmyndum hafa afturhaldsamir stjórnmįlaflokkar įkvešiš aš berjast, enda er hagur heimilanna ekki į žeirra stefnuskrį.Einhverjir muna sjįlfsagt eftir »žverpólitķskri nefnd« sem öšru nafni gekk undir nafninu Buchheit-nefndin. Sś nefnd kom heim meš Icesave-III-samningana og fekk snautlega śtreiš ķ žjóšaratkvęšinu 09. aprķl 2011 og sķšan hjį EFTA-dómstólnum 28. janśar 2013. Nś kemur fram į vettvanginn »žverpólitķskri nefnd« sem hefur įlit į hugmyndum Framsóknarflokks um ašgeršir til handa heimilunum.Žessa »žverpólitķsku nefnd« skipaši efnahagsrįšherra Įrni Pįll Įrnason 17. September 2011, samhliša žvķ aš Alžingi gerši breytingu į lögum um gjaldeyrismįl (Lög 87/1992). »Nefndinni var fališ aš leggja mat į nśverandi įętlun um losun fjįrmagnshafta, framvindu hennar og eftir atvikum koma meš įbendingar eša tillögur um breytingar jafnframt žvķ sem henni er ętlaš aš veita stjórnvöldum og Sešlabanka ašhald.«Nś leiš og beiš og ekkert heyrist frį »žverpólitķsku nefndinni« žar til bréf barst frį henni 20. desember 2012. Žessi svefntķmi var rśmir 15 mįnušir! Ķ bréfinu til formanna allra stjórnmįlaflokka į Alžingi, lżsir nefndin »įhyggjum sķnum af žvķ aš tveir af föllnu višskiptabönkunum stefna aš frįgangi naušasamninga og skipulagšri śtgreišslu til kröfuhafa śr žrotabśunum ķ kjölfariš.« Enn fremur segir nefndin:
Į žessum tķmapunkti hefur »žverpólitķska nefndin« skyndilega įttaš sig į žeirri alvarlegu stöšu sem žjóšin var komin ķ og leggur til aš žrengt verši aš hręgömmunum. Nefndin lagši til aš lögum um gjaldeyrismįl yrši breytt, žannig aš afnįm gjaldeyris-hafta yrši ekki ķ įrslok 2013. Žess ķ staš vill nefndin »...aš losun fjįrmagnshafta verši tengd efnahagslegum skilyršum sem žurfa aš vera til stašar til žess aš losun hafta ógni ekki fjįrmįlalegum stöšugleika.« Sķšan kemur athyglisverš mįlsgrein:
Žaš kemur verulega į óvart, aš nefndin skuli telja įstęšu til aš hvetja rķkisstjórn Jóhönnu Siguršardóttur, til aš virša alžjóšlegar skuldbingar Ķslands. Var žaš ekki rķkisstjórnin sem lagši allt kapp į aš Ķsland beygši sig fyrir Icesave-kröfum nżlenduveldanna, vegna žess aš žęr vęru alžjóšlegar skuldbindingar? Aš lokum hvetur nefndin til aš mótuš verši »heildstęš įętlun« um losun gjaldeyrishafta og segir um žaš hugtak:
Žessar višvaranir voru örugglega orš ķ tķma töluš, žótt seint hafi veriš ķ rassinn gripiš. Sešlabankinn var į žessum tķma bśinn aš sleppa hundrušum milljarša śr landi, af feng hręgammanna. Ķ framhaldi af įliti nefndarinnar, var lögum Lögum 87/1992 breytt og gjaldeyrishöftin framlengd um ótakmarkašan tķma.En »žverpólitķska nefndin« hafši ekki lokiš störfum, žvķ aš 05. aprķl 2013 sendi hśn frį sér įlitsbréf sitt nśmer tvö. Nś var įhyggjuefniš hugmyndir Framsóknarflokks og raunar fleirri, aš nota ętti Snjóhengjuna til aš slökkva eignabruna heimilanna. Žar gefur nefndin sér:
Enginn rökstušningur fylgir žessu tali um heildarlausn og ekki gott aš vita hvaš žaš merkir. Hins vegar mį af tślkun žingmanna rķkisstjórnarinnar greina hvaš bżr aš baki. Žannig segir Björn Valur Gķslason, sérlegur talsmašur Sigfśsar J. Sigfśssonar, um hugmyndir Framsóknarflokks:
Žessi ummęli Björns Vals eru hreinn žvęttingur, en veriš getur aš »žverpólitķska nefndin« hafi sent bréf sitt til aš ašstoša rķkisstjórnina ķ leišangrinum gegn hugmyndum Framsóknarflokks, um aš nżta Snjóhengjuna ķ žįgu heimillanna. Raunar segir ekki ķ bréfi nefndarinnar »aš žetta séu ótķmabęrara vangaveltur«.Ekki veršur heldur fallist į aš yfirlżst markmiš Framsóknar aš leišrétta forsendubrest verštryggšu lįnanna »fęri višsemjendunum vopn ķ hendur«. Žetta er allt bull og vitleysu, ķ venjubundnum stķl Björns Vals, en eftir stendur grunurinn um aš »žverpólitķska nefndin« taki žįtt ķ pólitķskum leik, sem ekki er Žjóšinni gagnlegur. Eftir stendur spurning um hvaš »heildstęš įętlun« merkir ķ žessu sambandi og hvers vegna enginn leggur fram slķka įętlun.Ķ »žverpólitķsku nefndinni« sitja: |
7.4.2013 | 11:53
Resistance Movement Growing to Islamization of France
Resistance Movement Growing to Islamization of France.Fyrst birt hjį American Thinker 06. aprķl 2013.JanSuzanne KrasnerEurope as a continent made up of multicultural nations is at the precipice of obliteration. This may sound melodramatic, but it is exactly what the members of a new French political youth movement called "Generation Identitaire" fear and they are willing to stand up and unite across Europe to stop it.France was introduced to this group on October 20th, 2012 when about 100+ members made their way to the roof of a mosque in Poitiers, France and hung a huge banner in view of the Minaret that clearly read: "Immigration, building of mosques REFERENDUM!" along with the number "732."The meaning was clear to the French. Poitiers was the place that on October 25, 732, a Muslim invasion was defeated by Charles Martel which stopped Arab expansion into Western Europe. This demonstration was a symbolic statement by 'Generation Identitaire' who are declaring a war on immigration and committing themselves to be the front lines in the peaceful protection of their national identity and their families. Video of the Poitiers demonstration below:Europe is becoming a place where the national identity of many nations is being challenged by the growing influence of Muslim immigration and political correctness. This is undoubtedly happening in France with a population of 6-11 million Muslims and it is leading the way to French extinction.On Sunday, March 24, a protest took place with hundreds of thousands of young French men, members of several organizations who share the same concerns, including Generation Identitaire. This event was an appeal for all generations of Europeans to produce "identity activists" who will be in the forefront defending the family and families, a protest that the participants hope was reminiscent of the famous French Protests in May 1968. 2The establishment of this new movement can be attributed to the downfall of the French economy with 25% youth unemployment; Frances' unsustainable benefits to its massive immigration; the street intimidation by Muslim gangs; and the French identity being threatened by a "Global Village" approach.The essence of their demands is the end of non-European immigration and the construction of any new mosques on French soil. They claim that the mass immigration that began in the '70's has radically transformed their country with 43% of 18-50 year olds in the area of Paris being immigrants. They believe that "A people can lift itself out of economic crisis or a war, but not out of the replacement of its population. Without the French, France no longer exists."What is also significant is that in just six months since its inception in September 2012, the followers of their Facebook page grown to eclipse the Movement of Young Socialists, which has been the primary men's youth movement in France in recent years. In light of the competition's success, Socialist MEP's are spinning propaganda, calling the Generation Identitaire just a bunch of "thugs." But the truth is that there wasn't a single window broken, a car burned or a shop destroyed, much more than you can say about other street riots by Muslim youth.An exclusive interview with the group's spokesman Julien Langella, a 20 year old from Toulon Provence, was obtained by Dispatch International, a new alternative international on-line and print newspaper that is not controlled by politically correct moguls and "provides a forum for discussions on the dangerous consequences of multiculturalism."
Langella also noted that there will be more non-violent actions like the event in Poitiers.
According to Langella, contacts have been made all over Europe, including Germany, Austria and Italy with young people of all possible backgrounds joining the movement, "their only common denominator is the will to fight."Their video released on March 28, has created a backlash of responses with many authorities attempting to ban it. Is a manifesto of young French men and women explaining why they feel victimized and fooled by the "1968 generation" and are the ones whose lives are in danger.
|
4.4.2013 | 15:57
Nś skal almenningur kaffęršur meš efnahagslegu oršagjįlfi
Nś skal almenningur kaffęršur meš efnahagslegu oršagjįlfi.Fyrst birt 04. aprķl 2013.Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson.Nś keppast kerfis-karlarnir viš aš koma į framfęri sem flóknustum hugtökum, žannig aš almenningur skilji hvorki upp né nišur. Nś er talaš um »peningamagn«, ķ staš »peninga«. Žaš eru žó annars vegar śtgefnir peningar (Krónur) sem skipta mįli fyrir trśveršugleika Sešlabankans og hins vegar geta hans til aš greiša alvöru gjaldmišil (real money) fyrir sżndarpeninginn (fiat money), Krónuna.Peningar eru žęr įvķsanir sem Sešlabankinn hefur gefiš śt og nema nśna um 45 milljöršum Króna. Peningamagn ķ hagkerfinu eru śtgefnir peningar, auk fjįrhagslegra skuldbindinga į milli ašila ķ samfélaginu. Žessar skuldbindingar myndu jafnast śt, ef peningakerfiš vęri gert upp ķ heild.Žaš sem um er aš ręša og nefnt er Snjóhengjan, eru skuldbindingar einstaklinga og fyrirtękja viš hręgammana. Vandamįliš myndi ekki koma öšrum viš en skuldurunum, nema af žvķ aš hręgammarnir vilja flytja sķnar eignir śr landi. Sešlabankanum ber engin skylda til aš śtvega öllum gjaldeyri, sem eiga fjįrhagskröfur į einhverja ašra.Lausnin er fólgin ķ aš gefa śt nżgjan gjaldmišil (Rķkisdal) undir myntrįši, sem merkir aš komiš er į fastgengi meš žeim mörgu kostum sem žvķ fylgja. Sešlabankinn er žį lagšur nišur og Krónan lįtin deyja drottni sķnum. Rķkiš getur keypt eitthvaš af Rķkisdölum og skipt žeim fyrir Krónur sem eru ķ eigu almennings. Hręgammarnir sitja žį eftir meš Krónur sem visna eins og lauf aš hausti.Myntrįš gefur ekki neinum peninga, heldur skiptir į stošmyntinni (CAD) fyrir Rķkisdal, innlenda gjaldmišilinn. Einnig geta menn skipt śr Rķkisdal ķ Kanadadal (CAD) hjį myntrįšinu, įn nokkurs kostnašar. Ef rķkiš leysir engar Krónur śr greipum Sešlabankans, er kostnašur žess viš stofnun myntrįšsins einungis tępir 7 milljaršar Króna (45 x 15%). Žessi stofnkostnašur skilar sér fljótt til baka meš myntgróša sem myntrįšiš mun hafa af įvöxtun varasjóšs žess. Myntrįšiš skilar rķkinu öllum hagnaši umfram 15% öryggismörk varasjóšsins.Aš tala um aš mikiš peningamagn sé ķ sjįlfu sér vandamįl, er fįvķsleg greining į įstandinu. Ef menn hafa ekki gleggri skilning į hinu raunverulega vandamįli, žį er ekki hęgt aš vęnta gagnlegra rįšlegginga frį žeim, enda er tilgangurinn sjįlfsagt sį aš kaffęra umręšuna meš torręšu oršagjįlfri. Sem dęmi mį taka ummęli, sem sagt er aš Įsgeir Jónsson hagfręšingur hafi lįtiš falla:
Įsgeir nefnir aš žörf sé lękkunar į peningamagni um 25% og bendir į žį leiš aš Sešlabankinn selji hręgömmunum aftur įstarbréfin, sem keypt höfšu veriš af žeim fyrir bankahrun. Ķ žessu sambandi segir Įsgeir: »Žaš žarf aš taka einhver hundruš milljarša śt śr fjįrmagnskerfinu inn ķ Sešlabankann aftur.« Stašreyndin er sś, aš žessi įstarbréf eru ekki virši pappķrsins sem žau eru rituš į. Leggur Įsgeir stund į hagfręši eša stjörnuspeki? |
3.4.2013 | 21:57
Kjölturakkar ESB hafa ekkert lęrt af endalokum Icesave-deilunnar
Kjölturakkar ESB hafa ekkert lęrt af endalokum Icesave-deilunnar.Fyrst birt 03. aprķl 2013.Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson.Flestir töldu sjįlfgefiš, aš śrskuršur EFTA-dómstólsins frį 28. janśar 2013 myndi sjįlfkrafa opna augu kjölturakkanna fyrir žeirri heimsku sem žeir höfšu gert sig seka um, meš stušningi viš forsendulausar kröfur nżlenduveldanna. Fyrstu višbrögš Icesave-vinanna voru raunar ešlileg og į einn veg, žeir skömmušust sķn og reyndu aš žurrka burt allar heimildir um afstöšu sķna. Žannig lokaši til dęmis Įfram-hópurinn vefsetri sķnu.Er frį lķšur śrskuršinum, eru allra harš svķrušustu kjölturakkarnir aftur komnir į kreik og hafa sjįnlega ekkert lęrt af žeirri nišurlęgingu sem žeir hlutu meš EFTA-dómnum. Vonbrigšin leyna sér ekki hjį žessu ótrślega fólki, meš žį nišurstöšu aš almenningur į Ķslandi skylda sigra ESB-žursann og fimmtu herdeildina į Ķslandi. Nś vešur fram į völlinn foringi Įfram-hópsins Gušmundur Gunnarsson, sį sem į tķmabili žóttist bera hag verkalżšsins fyrir brjósti.Gušmundur ritar grein į Eyjunni 30. marz 2013, sem hann nefnir »Töfralausnir«. Žęr töfralausnir sem fyrirsögnin vķsar til eru hugmyndir um aš bręša Snjóhengjuna og nota leysingavatniš til aš slökkva eignabruna heimilanna. Aušvitaš ber Gušmunur hag hręgammanna mjög fyrir brjósti og telur glapręši aš »žjóšnżta« žaš sem eitt sinn er bśiš aš gefa hinum erlendu aušjöfrum. Oršrétt segir Gušmundur:
Aš mati Sossans er eignarétturinn frišhelgur og aušvitaš telur hann vķtavert aš virša ekki alžjóšasamninga sem rķkisstjórn Jóhönnu Siguršardóttur hefur gert ķ skjóli nętur. Sönginn um alžjóšlegar skuldbindingar lęrši Gušmundur viš fótskör Jóhönnu Siguršardóttur. Žetta var kjarninn ķ hennar röksemdum ķ Icesave-deilunni.Gušmundur er ekki alveg sneiddur glettni, žvķ aš hann bżšur upp į įbętinn: »žaš er ekki hęgt aš nota sömu fjįrmuni tvisvar«. Žetta góšgęti hefur Gušmundur frį lagsbręšrum sķnum ķ Samfylkingunni sem ekki skilja aš Snjóhengjan stafar öšru fremur af gjaldeyrisskorti. Ef hręgammarnir myndi nota fjįrmagniš innanlands, eša žjóšin vęri meš alvöru gjaldmišil ķ notkun, vęri Snjóhengjan ekki vandamįl.Aušvitaš hefur žjóšin ekki skuldbundiš sig, aš leysa śt alla sem eiga sżndarpening Sešlabankans meš nesti og nżgjum Evrum. Sjįlfstętt rķki eins og Ķsland getur sem hęgast lagt nišur sinn sżndarpening (Krónur) og tekiš upp nżgjan alvöru gjaldmišil (Rķkisdal). Raunar višurkennir Gušmundur žetta, en telur ranglega aš ekki sé hęgt aš afnema verštryggingu nema meš gjaldmišilskiptum. Hins vegar blasir viš, aš žetta er žaš sem Ķsland veršur aš gera, taka upp fastgengi og losa sig viš gamla óvęru eins og Sešlabankann. Aš auki leysast flest önnur vandamįl žjóšarinnar samtķmist.Gušmundur fullyršir aš afnįm verštryggingar taki mjög langan tķma, en śtskżrir ekki hvers vegna ķ ósköpunum žaš ętti aš vera. Žaš tekur eina viku aš taka upp fastgengi meš erlendum gjaldmišli og eitthvaš lengri tķma meš Rķkisdal undir myntrįši. Žar meš verša skuldir, eignir, tekjur og śtgjöld verštryggš meš hinum nżgja gjaldmišli og forsendurbrestur eins og varš ķ gengishruninu getur ekki skeš.Svo eru aušvitaš miklar lķkur til aš verštrygging verši dęmd ólögleg. Verštryggš fasteignalįn eru bara afleišur, meš höfušstól sem hękkar sem afleišing af gengisfalli. Žar sem Hęstiréttur hefur śrskuršaš aš gengistrygging fasteignalįna séu ólögleg, geta dómstólar ekki komist aš annari nišurstöšu, en aš verštrygging lįna sé einnig ólögleg.Mįlflutningur Gušmundar veršur bara frįleitari og frįleitari, žegar lķšur į pistilinn. Ķ örvęntingu sinni, reynir hann aš telja sjįlfum sér trś um aš hann hafi haft rétt fyrir sér varšandi Icesave-kröfurnar. Žetta er aumkunar-veršur mįlflutningur, sem einungis forheimskušum Icesave-vinum getur dottiš ķ hug. Gušmundur segir:
Foringi Įfram-hópsins heldur ótraušur įfram:
Žarna kemur ķ ljós sami mįlflutningur sem heyrst hefur śr ónefndri, en ólķklegri įtt. Gušmundur telur aš žjóšin hefši įtt aš standa saman, sżna sem sagt »samstöšu« um uppgjöf fyrir nżlenduveldum og sżna »samstöšu« meš Gušmundi Gunnarssyni og öšrum kjölturökkum Evrópusambandsins. Getur nišurlęging žessa fyrrverandi verkalżšsforingja oršiš meiri? |
30.3.2013 | 14:22
Broken Cyprus Bows to Its New Eurozone Masters
Broken Cyprus Bows to Its New Eurozone Masters.Fyrst birt hjį PJ Media 26. marz 2013.Mike McNally.European Central Bank President Jean-Claude Trichet, welcoming Cyprus into the European single currency in 2008:
Cyprus has agreed to a ten billion euro ($13bn) deal with eurozone and IMF leaders to bail out its banks, and to prevent the Mediterranean island nation from exiting the European single currency. However, Cypriots can be forgiven for not taking to the streets to wave flags and honk their car horns. Theyre finding out just what the protection afforded by the euro looks like, and its more akin to the kind offered by ski mask-wearing heavies in certain parts of New Jersey than the financial security Monsieur Trichet promised.Under the terms of the deal, the countrys second-largest bank will be shut down, and its largest bank will be restructured. Depositors with more than 100,000 ($130,000) in either bank will face losses in the vicinity of 40 percent. In a bid to prevent a run on the islands other banks and to stop money from fleeing the country, capital controls have been imposed guaranteeing that there will still be capital flight once the restrictions are lifted.The effect on the Cypriot economy will be catastrophic. Businesses serving the banking sector will begin to fail immediately, and others will follow. Property values will plummet and unemployment will soar as the country is plunged into recession.Weve been here before of course, with Greece (twice), Spain, Portugal, and Ireland. And compared to those crises, the Cyprus installment of the eurozone drama has been brief, and the amounts of money involved relatively small. But while Cyprus should not, on the face of it, pose much of a threat to the euro project it accounts for less than one third of one percent of the eurozone economy the manner in which the crisis has been handled may make this the most damaging episode yet in the single currencys turbulent history.In past bailouts, the inevitable haircut was imposed mostly on bank bondholders, but because most of the assets of Cypriot banks are in the form of deposits, it was decided that depositors would have to take a substantial hit. An initial bailout proposal caused uproar last week when it emerged that insured depositors would face losses; under EU law, bank deposits up to 100,000 are guaranteed, but because that guarantee only applies in the event of a bank failure and the banks had not at that point failed, the savings were considered fair game.That deal was rejected by the Cypriot parliament, and while the savings of insured depositors will not be raided under the terms of the new agreement, an alarming precedent has been set with the imposition of a levy on uninsured deposits. Eurozone leaders have let it be known that from now on they will target the savings of private individuals rather than inflicting losses solely on institutional bondholders such as other banks and pension funds.Investors in Greece, Spain, and elsewhere have been thinking that if the eurozone can do this to savers in Cyprus, they can do it to them when their country needs another bailout (when is more likely than if). And that fear was brewing even before the chairman of the eurozone declared that the Cyprus deal would indeed be a "template for future bailouts". As the euro and European markets fell, officials frantically attempted to row back from his statement amid fears of bank runs across southern Europe.The imposition of capital controls also sets a dangerous precedent for the eurozone, and will further spur savers to start moving their money out of banks in Europes weakest economies. Far from marking an end to the eurozone crisis, the harsh treatment meted out to Cyprus runs the risk of reigniting it on an unprecedented scale.A third new precedent is the seizing of money from large numbers of investors from outside the eurozone specifically Russians, who are thought to have around 25 billion ($32 billion) in Cypriot banks. Wealthy Russians have been stashing their money in Cyprus since the breakup of the Soviet Union, attracted by high interest rates, low taxes, and light regulation.In a bid to justify the raid on deposits, eurozone officials and politicians in Germany, which as the eurozones most powerful economy effectively underwrites the single currency, have been muttering about Cyprus being a tax haven and dropping hints about money laundering. Yet such accusations are moot given that large parts of its banking sector are about to be wiped out. And whatever Cypriot banks have been up to, they were doing it back in 2004 when the country was allowed to join the European Union, and when it joined the euro four years later. Political considerations trumped economic ones then, as they always have in the drive towards ever-closer union; several countries have been admitted to the euro despite failing to meet the requisite economic benchmarks.Its understandable that Germany, which is ultimately on the hook for the bailouts provided to Cyprus and other countries, is reluctant to be seen as bailing out Russian tycoons, particularly with elections due in September. But the roughly six billion euros ($7.5bn) that Germany is insisting must come from depositors is pocket change next to the hundreds of billions spent on bailing out other countries, and an awfully small sum over which to risk the entire eurozone.The euro was the pet project of Europes rich northern countries, in particular Germany and France, with the poorer southern nations brought along for the ride. The north needed markets for its exports, and the south was seduced by the promise of cheap and apparently limitless credit guaranteed by its economic betters, which fueled both property booms and growing entitlement states. Underpinning the whole enterprise was the dream of a European superstate to rival the U.S.When things started to go wrong following the credit crunch of 2008, the southern countries found themselves trapped, unable to devalue their way back to competitiveness while they remained in the euro, but unwilling to leave for fear of the consequences. One after another, theyve been forced to submit to punishing austerity and economic stagnation imposed by their new masters: EU and eurozone bureaucrats, and northern politicians.But a revolt is brewing. Tapping into a growing sense that ordinary people have been betrayed by a political class thats both incompetent and out of touch, anti-euro and populist parties have been gaining ground across the south, most recently in the Italian elections. If just one country finds the courage to leave the euro, there could be a stampede for the exit. (A euroskeptic party has even been launched in Germany, albeit with a very different motive: its supporters are tired of picking up the tab for what they view as profligate southerners.)The future of the eurozone is far from guaranteed, and the inept and cynical way in which its political and financial elites have dealt with Cyprus may yet have an impact on the continent out of proportion to its tiny size. |
29.3.2013 | 12:30
Įsta Ragnheišur Jóhannesdóttir hampar heimskulegum hugmyndum
Įsta Ragnheišur Jóhannesdóttir hampar heimskulegum hugmyndum.Fyrst birt 29. marz 2013.Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson.Mönnum vefst tunga um tönn og veršur orša vant, žegar žeir upplifa ummęli eins og žau sem Įsta Ragnheišur Jóhannesdóttir lét frį sér fara 27. marz 2013, viš slit Alžingis. Heimskan hefur fylgt rķkisstjórn Jóhönnu Siguršardóttur, eins og skugginn fylgir Sólinni. Samt er žaš svo, aš oft ratast kjöftugum satt orš į munn og um žessar mundir er allt vert skošunar sem varšar stjórnarskrį Lżšveldisins.Samkvęmt hefšinni er ķ embętti forseta Alžingis sett žaš fólk sem heimskast er ķ meiri-hlutanum. Öll munum viš eftir Sturlu Böšvarssyni ķ Sjįlfstęšisflokki, sem er manna heimskastur ķ žeim flokki. Svo sannarlega er Įsta Ragnheišur manna heimskust ķ Samfylkingu. Mig grunar aš eftirfarandi ummęli hennar eigi eftir aš haldast lengi ķ minni:
Aš gera greinarmun į stofnuninni Alžingi og žingmönnunum sem žar starfa, er hugar-ęfing sem lķklega engum hefur dottiš ķ hug įšur og žvķ sķšur aš nokkur hafi lįtiš slķkar hugleišingar frį sér fara. Žaš lżsir sérkennilegu hugarfari aš tala meš žessum hętti um handhafa löggjafarvalds ķ lżšveldi. Er hęgt aš fį einhvern botn ķ svona hugsun, eša hugsunarleysi? Getur veriš aš Alžingi hafi sjįlfstęša tilveru og žingmennirnir séu bara einhvers konar skrautmunir innan veggja Alžingishśssins?Įsta Ragnheišur fullyršir, aš žrįtt fyrir flónsku žingmanna meiri-hlutans, hafi žjóšin óbilandi traust į stofnuninni Alžingi. Hśn gefur sķšan skżringu į fullyršingu sinni og segir:
Žetta er aušvitaš rétt, en varla nein sönnun į fullyršingunni um sjįlfstęša tilveru Alžingis, óhįša žingmönnum žess. Er ekki stašreyndin sś aš allt stjórnkerfi Lżšveldisins er mikilvęgt fyrir žjóšina, vegna žess aš žaš tryggir fullveldisréttindi almennings? Ég hugsa aš flestir landsmenn telji embętti forseta landsins mikilvęgara en Alžingi og vķsa žį sérstaklega til Icesave-deilunnar.Žaš var Alžingi sem setti Icesave-lögin, en žaš var forseti Lżšveldisins sem gaf žjóšinni tękifęri til aš hrinda žeirra įrįs Alžingis og rķkisstjórnar. Varla telur Įsta Ragnheišur aš žaš hafi veriš stofnunin Alžingi sem samžykkti Icesave-lögin, en žingmennirnir hafi hvergi komiš nęrri? Varla telur Įsta Ragnheišur aš embętti forsetans hafi beitt 26. grein Stjórnarskrįrinnar, įn atbeina forsetans?Įsta Ragnheišur styšur fullyršingu sķna einnig meš tilvķsun til pólitķskrar grósku, sem mešal annars birtist ķ mörgum frambošum til setu į Alžingi. Hśn vill meina aš frambošin sé »skżr traustyfirlżsing almennings til žessarar stofnunar«. Er ekki žvert į móti stašreyndin sś, aš fjöldi framboša er skżr vķsbending um vantraust žjóšarinnar į žvķ fólki sem skipaš hefur meiri-hluta į Alžingi og setiš ķ rķkisstjórn žetta kjörtķmabil?Įsta Ragnheišur telur žaš vera Vandann stóra, aš almenningur hefur réttan skilning į ešli Alžingis. Ekki er hęgt aš gera greinarmun į Alžingi og žeim mönnum sem žingiš skipa hverju sinni. Fundir Alžingis, umręšur og įkvaršanir, er lifandi vettvangur žess valdažįttar stjórnkerfisins sem fer meš löggjafarvaldiš. Aš halda žvķ fram aš neikvęš umręša um vanhęfni meiri-hlutans į Alžingi snerti ekki stofnunina Alžingi, eša stöšu žess ķ stjórnkerfi Lżšveldisins, er hrein og tęr heimska. |
28.3.2013 | 11:54
Sjįlfstęšisflokkur žręšir torfęrur ķ ašdraganda kosninga
Sjįlfstęšisflokkur žręšir torfęrur ķ ašdraganda kosninga.Fyrst birt 28. marz 2013.Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson.Forusta Sjįlfstęšisflokks viršist hafa >af yfirlögšu rįši< įkvešiš aš žręša torfęrur ķ ašdraganda nęrstu Alžingiskosninga. Žrįtt fyrir skżrar samžykktir Landsfundar 24. febrśar 2013, varšandi upptöku fastgengis og andstöšu viš ESB-ašild, talar forusta Flokksins eins og ekkert sé vegakerfiš, eins og um sé aš ręša óvissuferš um torfęrur hįlendisins.Aš auki vekur furšu uppgjöf Flokksins į sķšasta degi Alžingis. Lögunum um breytingarįkvęši Stjórnarskrįrinnar er af hįlfu nśverandi rķkisstjórnar ętlaš aš aušvelda innlimun landsins ķ Evrópusambandiš. Hvers vegna tekur forusta Sjįlfstęšisflokks ekki af skariš, um aš strax aš loknum kosningum muni Flokkurinn leggja fram tillögu til įlyktunar, um aš višręšunum viš ESB verši slitiš ?Er ESB-andstaša Sjįlfstęšisflokks sżndarmennska?Bjarni Benediktsson sagši į fundi 23. marz 2013:
Til samanburšar hljóšar samžykkt Landsfundar svo:
Žessi samžykkt ętti öllum aš vera ljós. Hśn felur ķ sér kröfu um tafarlausa og formlega stöšvun višręšna og aš ašlögunarferliš verši EKKI tekiš upp aftur nema žjóšin samžykki žaš ķ žjóšarkönnun. Varšandi kröfu Flokksins um žjóšaratkvęši um Icesave-III-lögin, žį vita allir aš sś krafa var reykjar-kóf sem blįsiš var upp til aš fela samžykki Flokksins į Icesave-samningunum. Formašurinn nefnir ekki stöšvun višręšanna einu orši. Hugur hans er allur bundinn viš aš hefja višręšur af fullum krafti. Til hvaša manna er Bjarni aš vķsa, žegar hann segir: vilji menn standa ķ višręšum af žessum toga ?Er bśiš aš gleyma samžykktun Landsfundar um fastgengi ?Žrįtt fyrir aš Landsfundurinn hafi markaš skżra stefnu ķ įtt aš fastgengi, nefndi formašurinn žęr samžykktir engu orši. Ef ętlun Flokksins er aš halda įfram sömu heimskulegu og skašlegu peningastefnu sem gert hefur flest heimili og fyrirtęki ķ landinu gjaldžrota, mun Sjįlfstęšisflokkur hljóta hęfilega refsingu ķ kosningunum. Jafnvel Samfylking, sem žekkt er fyrir heimsku, hefur vit į aš telja fastgengi Evrunnar til mešmęla meš ESB. Til upprifjunar eru hér samžykktir Landsfundar um peningastefnu:
|
25.3.2013 | 09:37
Efnahagsvandi Kżpur og Ķslands - samanburšur er lęrdómsrķkur
Efnahagsvandi Kżpur og Ķslands - samanburšur er lęrdómsrķkur.Fyrst birt 25. marz 2013.Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson.Lęrdómsrķkt er aš bera saman efnahags-vandann į Kżpur og Ķslandi. Ljóst mį vera aš upphaf vandamįlanna hefur ekkert aš gera meš gjaldmišila žessara landa. Hins vegar kemur ķ ljós aš afleišingarnar eru mismunandi eftir peningakerfi rķkjanna. Fyrsti samanburšur leišir eftirfarandi ķ ljós:
|
24.3.2013 | 07:42
Frķverzlun viš Bandarķkin fęr óvęntan stušning
Frķverzlun viš Bandarķkin fęr óvęntan stušning.Fyrst birt ķ Fréttablašinu 23. marz 2013.Birgir Žórarinsson.Undirritašur flutti į Alžingi ķ október 2010 žingsįlyktun um frķverzlun viš Bandarķkin.Frķverzlun viš Bandarķkin, stęrsta hagkerfi heims, er mikiš hagsmunamįl fyrir Ķsland. Ķ henni felast fjölmörg nż tękifęri fyrir neytendur, inn- og śtflutning, fyrirtęki og fjįrfestingar.Viš undirbśning mįlsins įtti ég mešal annars fund meš rįšamönnum ķ Washington. Kom žaš vel ķ ljós aš žeir voru įhugasamir um mįliš. Žaš var ekki sķst žess vegna sem tillagan var flutt. Gat ég žess ķ umręšum į Alžingi aš įhugi vęri į mįlinu af hįlfu Bandarķkjanna. Žrįtt fyrir žaš nįši tillagan ekki fram aš ganga og skrifast žaš į įhugaleysi rķkisstjórnarflokkanna. Žeim hefur eflaust žótt žaš slęmt aš draga athyglina frį ESB-umsókninni.Nżveriš kom fram ķ fjölmišlum aš utanrķkisrįšherra hefur skrifaš hinum nżja utanrķkisrįšherra Bandarķkjanna, John Kerry, bréf žar sem hann óskar eftir aškomu Ķslands aš vęntanlegum frķverzlunarvišręšum Bandarķkjanna og ESB. Haft var eftir John Kerry aš višręšurnar yršu ekki einskoršašar viš rķki ESB heldur einnig önnur rķki er tengjast Evrópsku samstarfi. Žetta veršur ekki skiliš į annan veg en aš ašild aš ESB skipti ekki höfuš mįli ķ žessu sambandi. Žetta eru mikil tķšindi ķ ljósi fyrri orša um aš gangi Ķsland ķ ESB fįist frķverzlun viš Bandarķkin ķ bónus.Utanrķkisrįšherra er žróttmikill og vaskur stjórnmįlamašur og žį sérstaklega žegar kemur aš mįlefnum ESB. Hann hefur ekki sleppt hendinni af ESB-umsókn Ķslands žótt vaša hafi žurft eld og brennistein, heima og heiman.Ég vil žakka utanrķkisrįšherra fyrir žann įhuga sem hann sżnir nś frķverzlunarsamningi viš Bandarķkin. Žaš lķtur hins vegar śt fyrir aš honum muni ekki endast pólitķskt lķf ķ rįšuneytinu til aš ljśka mįlinu. Žaš hefur komiš į daginn aš Bandarķkin hafa įhuga į višręšum viš Ķsland. Rįšherra hefši įtt aš styšja žingsįlyktun mķna fyrir rśmum 2 įrum, hefja tvķhliša višręšur viš Bandarķkin og vera žar meš į undan ESB. Žaš hefši komiš honum į spjöld sögunnar. Ķsland į fjölmörg sóknarfęri ķ alžjóšasamskiptum įn Evrópusambandsins.<<<>>><><<<>>>Tillaga til žingsįlyktunar
|