28.2.2012 | 18:29
Ólafur Ragnar Grķmsson, gef kost į žér įfram sem forseti Ķslands !
Peningastefnan | |||||
Peningastefnan |
Ólafur Ragnar Grķmsson, gef kost į žér įfram sem forseti Ķslands ! Įvarp aš Bessastöšum 27. febrśar 2012. Forseti Ķslands Ólafur Ragnar Grķmsson ! Erindi dagsins er aš fęra žér undirskriftir śr rafręnni undirskriftarsöfnun sem hófst 20 janśar s.l. Įskorun til forseta Ķslands. Ég fęri žér žrjįtķu žśsund tvö hundruš įttatķu og sjö undirskriftir ennfremur tvö hundruš įttatķu og sex nöfn sem hafa fengiš į sig skekkju ķ innslętti en eru aš öšru leyti rétt alls žrjįtķu žśsund sjö hundruš sjötķu og žrķr Ķslendingar skora į žig til frambošs. Allir žeir einstaklingar sem hafa gengt okkar ęšsta embętti aš vera kjörnir forseti Ķslands hafa į erfišum tķmum nįš til žjóšar sinnar og gengt veigamiklu hlutverki ķ gleši og sorg svo ekki sé talaš um ķ erfišleikum fólksins ķ landinu. Fundiš til ķ stormum sinnar tķšar. Talaš meš žeim hętti į stórum stundum aš žaš skipti mįli. Sś undirskriftasöfnun sem viš fęrum žér ķ dag Ólafur Ragnar Grķmsson snżst um traust reynslu og forystuhęfileika. Viš höfum veriš aš ganga ķ gegnum tķma žar sem allt hefur virzt į hverfandi hveli. Ekki bara hér į Ķslandi heldur um hinn vestręna heim. Mikil įtök og miklar breytingar eru framundan og óvissutķmar. Starf og hlutverk forseta Ķslands hefur aldrei veriš aš sitja hjį eša vera svo hlutlaus aš erfišleikar fólksins og landsins komi ekki innį hans borš. Žegar Ķsland hrundi ķ efnahagslegum hamförum haustiš 2008 var svart yfir sorgarranni. Žį skiptu neyšarlögin sem sett voru į Alžingi miklu mįli. Og nś er Ķsland fariš aš rķsa og komiš ķ nokkurt var.
Žessi magnaša vķsa lżsir best žvķ įstandi sem hér rķkti um nokkurt skeiš. En žįttur žinn forseti Ķslands og ķ hvaša stól žś varst viš žessar ašstęšur skipti miklu mįli. Žegar tómarśm hafši myndast og mįlsvörn Ķslands var lķtil sem engin, ekki sķzt į erlendum vettvangi. Saklaus vopnlaus žjóš var beitt hryšjuverkalögum af einni stęrstu žjóš Evrópusambandsins og NATÓ. Žį skipti mįlsvörn žķn erlendis miklu mįli. Og meš framgöngu žinni mį segja aš žś hafir snśiš vörn ķ sókn. Žetta strķš Bretanna var verra en öll landhelgisstrķšin til samans. Enn meira mįli skipti aš okkar mati sś įkvöršun žķn ķ Icesave-mįlinu aš žś beittir žvķ valdi sem forseta er fališ samkvęmt stjórnarskrį aš beita 26. greininni og fela žjóšinni aš kjósa ķ tvķgang um umdeildasta samning Ķslandssögunnar. Sem hśn hafnaši eftirminnilega. Hśn neitaši aš taka į sig og framtķšina skuldir einkabanka og óreišumanna. Žessi įkvöršun var mikilvęg hśn snżr bęši aš lżšręši og mannréttindum um allan heim. Eftir henni var tekiš og hśn er leišarljós ķ barįttu gegn gręšgi og ósvķfni. Žaš er af žessum įstęšum mešal annars sem stór hluti žjóšarinnar treystir žér og sį hópur er reyndar miklu stęrri en skrįšu nafn sitt į įskorunarlistann. Žetta er stęrsta og fjölmennasta įskorun sem fram hefur fariš žar sem skoraš er į einstakling ķ landinu. Nś žurfum viš Ķslendingar aš brśa allar brżr sem myndušust ķ hruninu og róa į bęši borš. Ķsland į ęrinn auš og gnęgš tękifęra sem forseti vor hefur talaš fyrir heima og erlendis. Viš žökkum einnig žęr gušsgjafir sem okkur hafa borist. Bóndinn framleišir matvęli sem aldrei fyrr ķ hįum gęšum. Makrķll gekk ķ landhelgina lošnan meiri en įšur. Og žorskur į mišunum ķ stęrra męli en menn muna og viš höfum ekki samstöšu til aš veiša meira. Svo segja žeir aš olķa sé fundin į Drekasvęšinu. En verkefni dagsins hér į Bessastöšum er žaš eitt aš fęra žér nöfn um žrjįtķu og eitt žśsund Ķslendinga sem skora į žig ķ framboš ķ sumar. Viš teljum mikilvęgt traustsins vegna og starfa žinna vegna ekki sķst į tķmum óvissu og įtaka aš žś gefir kost į žér įfram sem forseti Ķslands. Žaš er ljóst aš į allra nęstu įrum verša umbrotatķmar į Ķslandi og ķ veröldinni. Žaš er žvķ mikilvęgt aš reynsla žķn og forystu hęfileikar nżtist ķslendskri žjóš. >>><<< Heimsins brestur hjįlparliš hugur skerst af ergi. Žegar mest ég žurfti viš žį voru flestir hvergi.
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27.2.2012 | 16:02
Žjóšin veršur aš taka völdin af »hinum rįšandi öflum«
Peningastefnan | |||||
Peningastefnan |
Žjóšin veršur aš taka völdin af »hinum rįšandi öflum« Fyrst birt ķ Morgunblašinu 26. febrśar 2012.
Styrmir Gunnarsson. Žeir sem rįša, stjórnmįlamenn og hįttsettir embęttismenn, vilja yfirleitt komast hjį žvķ aš žjóšir taki sjįlfar įkvaršanir ķ eigin mįlum ķ žjóšaratkvęšagreišslum. Žetta kom skżrt ķ ljós ķ haust žegar Papandreou, žįverandi forsętisrįšherra Grikklands, tilkynnti aš samkomulag viš Evrópusambandiš um ašstoš viš Grikkland yrši lagt undir žjóšaratkvęši til samžykkis eša höfnunar. Žaš varš uppi fótur og fit ķ höfušborgum gróinna lżšręšisrķkja Evrópu og svo fór aš Papandreou var pķndur til aš falla frį žessum įformum. Sl. mišvikudag stašfesti Michael Link, Evrópurįšherra Žżzkalands, sem var į ferš ķ Dublin, ķ samtali viš ķrska dagblašiš Irish Times, aš Evrópusambandiš hefši reynt aš hafa oršalag rķkisfjįrmįlasamningsins meš žeim hętti aš ekki žyrfti vegna stjórnarskrįr Ķrlands aš leggja samninginn undir žjóšaratkvęšagreišslu į Ķrlandi. Įšur hafši Enda Kenny, forsętisrįšherra Ķrlands, neitaš žvķ ķ ķrska žinginu aš ķ Brussel vęri unniš viš slķka fįgun oršalags ef svo mį aš orši komast. Ķ samtali viš evrópska vefmišillinn eurobserver sl. fimmtudag, sagši Margrethe Vestager, rįšherra og leištogi Radikae Venstre ķ Danmörku, aš stofnanir Evrópusambandsins yršu aš sżna ašildarrķkjunum viršingu og hlusta į žau. Ummęli rįšherrans benda til aš hśn telji eitthvaš skorta į ķ žeim efnum. Ķ umręšum hér į Ķslandi um beint lżšręši, bęši į fundum og ķ einkasamtölum, hef ég oršiš žess var aš bęši žeir, sem nś eru ķ stjórnmįlum og žeir sem hafa įšur starfaš į žeim vettvangi, hafa miklar efasemdir um kosti hins beina lżšręšis og telja gjarnan aš žaš yrši fórnarlamb lżšskrums, skošanir fólks yršu keyptar meš fjįraustri ķ auglżsingar og ekki vęri hęgt aš treysta žvķ aš fólk setti sig inn ķ mįl meš višunandi hętti. Ķ grundvallaratrišum snżst žetta um žaš aš »hin rįšandi stétt« og žį er įtt viš ķ öllum flokkum, vill ekki lįta völd sķn af hendi. Beint lżšręši žżšir aš völdin eru fęrš frį kjörnum fulltrśum til fólksins. Gefiš hefur veriš śt upplżsingarit, sem heitir Nśtķmalegt beint lżšręši ķ Sviss og į Ķslandi meš afar fróšlegum upplżsingum um beint lżšręši ķ Sviss. Bęklingurinn er gefinn śt meš stušningi frį utanrķkisrįšuneyti Sviss og sendirįši Sviss ķ Osló. Ķslenzk śtgįfa hans var śtbśin af Evrópustofnun um žjóšarfrumkvęši og žjóšaratkvęšagreišslur IRI ķ samvinnu viš Mannréttindastofnun og Lagastofnun Hįskóla Ķslands. Rit žetta er mikilvęgt framlag til umręšna um beint lżšręši į Ķslandi. Ķ upplżsingariti žessu segir m.a.:
Fjallaš er ķ upplżsingaritinu um žróun beins lżšręšis ķ Sviss. Um žaš segir: »Įriš 1869 leiddi lżšręšishreyfing hins vegar til žróunar stjórnarskrįr ķ kantónunni Zürich, sem gerši rįš fyrir mun meiri žįtttöku. Meš henni voru nż bein lżšręšisréttindi į borš viš borgarafrumkvęši og (valfrjįlsar) žjóšaratkvęšagreišslur innleidd. Kosningaréttur var žó enn takmarkašur og konum var ekki veittur ašgangur aš įkvaršanatökuferlinu...Ķ lok aldarinnar hafši svissneska fulltrśalżšręšiš undirgengist margar mikilvęgar breytingar, sem stušlušu aš beinu lżšręši:
Ķslenzkt samfélag lamast aftur og aftur af stanzlausum innbyršis deilum. Stjórnkerfi landsins er ķ fjötrum margvķslegra sérhagsmuna. Nįvķgiš, sem byggist į fįmenni žjóšarinnar, innbyršis skyldleika, persónulegri vinįttu og žvķ, sem į ensku er kallaš: »old boys network« er rótin aš žvķ aš hruniš mikla varš. Žaš er bara til ein leiš til žess aš rįša bót į žessum veikleikum samfélags okkar - leiš hins beina lżšręšis. Aš fólkiš sjįlft taki hinar endanlegu įkvaršanir ķ žjóšaratkvęšagreišslum og atkvęšagreišslum innan sveitarfélaga. Žjóšin veršur aš taka völdin af »hinum rįšandi öflum« og taka žau ķ sķnar hendur. Viš framkvęmd žeirra umbreytinga į samfélagsgeršinni getum viš margt af Svisslendingum lęrt. Žjóšin veršur aš taka völdin af »hinum rįšandi öflum« og taka žau ķ sķnar hendur. Viš framkvęmd žeirra umbreytinga į samfélagsgeršinni getum viš margt af Svisslendingum lęrt. >>><<< |
26.2.2012 | 22:18
Telja Danskir konungar sig ennžį rķkja yfir Ķslandi ?
Peningastefnan | |||||
Peningastefnan |
Telja Danskir konungar sig ennžį rķkja yfir Ķslandi ? Svo furšulegt sem žaš mį telja, héldu Danskir konungar įfram aš skreyta sig meš nafni Ķslands ķ nokkur įr, eftir aš fullveldi ķ landinu fęršist til almennings 17. jśnķ 1944. Hér fylgja meš Dönsk lög um landrįš sem gildi tóku 01. jśnķ 1945. Višaukalög voru sķšan sett 1946. Lögin voru stašfest af Christian X og žessi konungur viršist hafa notaš gamla bréfsefniš sitt meš nafni Ķslands til daušadags 1947. Daušarefsing fyrir borgaralega glępi var ķ Danmörku afnumiš 1930. Eftir lok heims-styrjaldarinnar sķšari var daušarefsing aftur tekin upp og var ekki aflögš fyrr en 1994. Lögunum var ętlaš aš koma fram hefndum į landrįšamönnum sem starfaš höfšu meš hernįmsliši Žjóšverja. Ekki veit ég til aš yfirvöldum ķ Danmörku hafi žótt tilefni til aš hefna Gušmundar Kamban Jónssonar (1888-1945) eins og Danskra žegna, en Gušmundur var drepinn į hóteli ķ mišborg Kaupmannahafnar 05. maķ 1945. Merkilegt mun sumum finnast aš hefndaržorsti valdamanna skyldi vera slķkur aš daušarefsingar voru endurvaktar, en lögin eru einnig merkileg fyrir žį sök, aš žau voru afturvirk og giltu fyrir glępi sem framdir voru fyrir 09. aprķl 1940, žegar Žżšskaland hóf hernįm Danmerkur. Margir vildu aš lögin nęšu einnig til athafna sem framin voru fyrir 29. įgśst 1943, en žį lauk samstarfi stjórnvalda viš hernįmslišiš og rķkisstjórnin, žingiš og konungsveldiš uršu įhrifalaus. Danski valda-ašallinn, sem hafši veriš hallur undir hernįmslišiš, bjargaši žannig eigin skinni. Daušadóma samkvęmt lögunum hlutu 103 menn, en alls voru meira en 13.000 dęmdir fyrir landrįš. Ekki legg ég til upptöku daušarefsingar į Ķslandi, en full įstęša er til aš hugleiša setningu sérstakra landrįšalaga sem vęru afturvirk, žannig aš nęšu til afbrota nśverandi stjórnvalda. Fyrst bśiš er aš virkja Landsdóm meš mikilli fyrirhöfn, er žį ekki rétt aš skapa dómnum nęg verkefni žennan įratuginn ? Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson.
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Lov om Tillęg til Lov om Rettens Pleje vedrųrende Behandling af Sager angaaende Forręderi og anden landsskadelig Virksomhed m.v. Vi Christian den Tiende, af Guds Naade Konge til Danmark og Island, de Venders og Goters, Hertug til Slesvig, Holsten, Stormarn, Ditmarsken, Lauenborg og Oldenborg, Gųre vitterligt: Rigsdagen har vedtaget og Vi ved Vort Samtykke stadfęstet fųlgende Lov:
§ 1 Sager, i hvilke der - alene eller i Forbindelse med andre Forhold - rejses Tiltale efter Lov om Tillęg til Borgerlig Straffelov angaaende Forręderi og anden landsskadelig Virksomhed, behandles og paakendes i 1ste Instans ved Underret, jfr. § 2, efter Reglerne i Retsplejelovens Kap. 80.Efter de i denne Lov indeholdte Regler behandles endvidere Sager, hvori nogen sigtes for forud for Besęttelsen af Danmark den 9. April 1940 at have begunstiget dennes Ivęrksęttelse eller for den nęvnte Dato at have medvirket til Besęttelsens Gennemfųrelse, inden der af kompetent dansk Myndighed blev givet Ordre til Modstandens Ophųr. § 2 Til i 1ste Instans at behandle og paadųmme de i § 1 nęvnte Sager beskikker Justitsministeren et Antal Underretsdommere. Beskikkelsen kan omfatte en eller flere Retskredse. Justitsministeren beskikker endvidere det fornųdne Antal Landsdommere til som Ankeinstans at behandle og paadųmme de nęvnte Sager. Justitsministeren bemyndiges til i Anledning af disse Sagers Behandling at konstituere det fornųdne yderligere Antal Dommere ved Underretterne og Landsretterne. § 3 Justitsministeren bemyndiges til efter Forhandling med Indenrigsministeren at fastsętte, at Underretternes Domsmandslister og Landsretternes Domsmandslister og Nęvningelister for Nęvningekredsene suppleres med et nęrmere fastsat Antal Personer under Hensyn til, at det i Medfųr af Lov Nr. 349 af 22. August 1941 forbudte politiske Parti var udelukket fra Deltagelse i de senest afholdte kommunale Valg. Denne Bemyndigelse gęlder, indtil der foreligger Domsmandslister og Nęvningelister, der er udtaget af Grundlister, hvis Medlemmer efter Afholdelse af Valg til Kommunalbestyrelserne og derefter fųlgende Nyvalg til de i Retsplejelovens § 73 nęvnte Udvalg er udvalgt af disse. Domsmęnd og Nęvninger udtages af de saaledes supplerede Domsmands- og Nęvningelister, saavel til Behandling af de i denne Lov omhandlede Sager som til Behandling af andre Sager, i hvilke Domsmęnd eller Nęvninger skal medvirke. Domsmęnd til Behandling af de i § 1 nęvnte Sager udtages kun for den enkelte Sag, og Udtagelsen foregaar i et Retsmųde, hvor Anklageren og Forsvareren er til Stede. Anklageren og Forsvareren kan uden Angivelse af Grund udskyde hver indtil 4 af de udtagne Domsmęnd, hvorefter de nęste paa Domsmandslisten opfųrte Personer udtages. § 4 Enkeltstaaende Retshandlinger kan, naar den af Justitsministeren til Behandling af disse Sager beskikkede Dommer er forhindret, foretages af en anden Dommer. Sagerne skal fremmes med stųrst mulig Hurtighed. § 5 Naar der foreligger skellig Grund til at antage, at en Person har gjort sig skyldig i en af de i Lov om Tillęg til Borgerlig Straffelov angaaende Forręderi og anden landsskadelig Virksomhed omhandlede Forbrydelser, vil han vęre at fęngsle, indtil Sagen er endelig afgjort, og, hvis han idųmmes Straf, indtil Strafafsoningens Paabegyndelse. § 6 Justitsministeren kan konstituere det fornųdne Antal overtallige Statsadvokater. Til at udfųre Anklagen for Underret antager Justitsministeren efter Overenskomst et passende Antal dertil egnede Sagfųrere. § 7 Som Forsvarer i de i § 1 nęvnte Sager kan enhver Sagfųrer, der findes egnet, beskikkes, men kun de af Justitsministeren i Medfųr af Retsplejelovens § 733 beskikkede offentlige Forsvarere er forpligtede til at modtage Beskikkelsen. Saafremt Sigtede ųnsker en bestemt Sagfųrer som Forsvarer, bųr denne beskikkes, for saa vidt det efter Stk. 1 er muligt. § 8 Til Behandling af Andragender om Anke, jfr. § 9, og Genoptagelse, jfr. § 11, nedsęttes et Ankenęvn bestaaende af en Formand og 6 andre Medlemmer, der skal opfylde Betingelserne for at udnęvnes til Dommer, og som beskikkes af Kongen for et Tidsrum af 5 Aar. Inden for dette Tidsrum kan de kun afsęttes ved Dom. I hver Sags Behandling deltager mindst 3 Medlemmer. § 9 Anke fra Tiltaltes Side kan kun ske, naar Livsstraf eller Fęngsel i 10 Aar eller derover er idųmt, eller naar det i § 8 nęvnte Ankenęvn finder, at sęrlige Omstęndigheder taler derfor, og meddeler Tilladelse hertil. Andragende herom maa fremsęttes for Ankenęvnet inden de i Retsplejeloven fastsatte Frister for Anke. Et senere indgivet Andragende kan dog tages til Fųlge, naar efter Ankenęvnets Skųn de i Retsplejelovens Kap. 86 fastsatte Betingelser for Genoptagelse er opfyldt. Anken kan stųttes paa de i Retsplejelovens §§ 943 og 963, Stk. 1, anfųrte Grunde. Om Anke af de af Landsretten afsagte Domme gęlder Reglerne i Retsplejelovens § 966. § 10 De af Underretterne afsagte Kendelser om Anholdelse eller Fęngsling kan paakęres. Over for andre Kendelser og Beslutninger vedrųrende de i § 1 nęvnte Sager kan Kęremaal ikke rejses. § 11 Genoptagelse af en Sag, der er paadųmt ved Hųjesteret eller Landsret, kan ske efter Bestemmelse af det i § 8 nęvnte Ankenęvn. Ved Ankenęvnets Behandling af Sager om Genoptagelse finder Reglerne i Retsplejelovens Kap. 86 Anvendelse med de fornųdne Lempelser. § 12 De i Retsplejeloven indeholdte Regler finder i ųvrigt Anvendelse med de Lempelser, som fųlger af Forholdets Forskellighed. Justitsministeren bemyndiges til at give nęrmere Bestemmelser om Gennemfųrelsen af de i denne Lov indeholdte Regler. § 13 Honoraret til Formanden og de ųvrige Medlemmer af Ankenęvnet fastsęttes ved Finansloven. Ankenęvnet kan antage den fornųdne Medhjęlp, hvis Lųnning fastsęttes ved Finansloven. § 14 Denne Lov, der ikke gęlder for Fęrųerne, tręder i Kraft straks.
Hvorefter alle vedkommende sig have at rette. Givet paa Amalienborg, den 1. Juni 1945. Under Vor Kongelige Haand og Segl. CHRISTIAN R.
(L. S.)
(L.S. = Locus Sigilli = stašur innsiglis)
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25.2.2012 | 12:56
Žorsteinn Pįlsson vanviršir Lżšveldiš
Peningastefnan | |||||
Peningastefnan |
Žorsteinn Pįlsson vanviršir Lżšveldiš. Fyrst birt ķ Morgunblašinu 21. marz 2011.
Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson. Ķslendingar eiga ekki bara ķ efnahagsstyrjöld viš nżlenduveldin, heldur sękir aš okkur hersveit Evrópusinna. Flest ašhyllist žetta fólk framandi hugmyndafręši kommśnismans. Undantekning er lķklega Žorsteinn Pįlsson sem hampar einhvers konar frjįlshyggju į tyllidögum. Hvaš sem lķšur hugmyndafręši Žorsteins, žį vanviršir hann lżšveldi Ķslands ķ Fréttablašinu 26. febrśar 2011. Žorsteinn sękir aš žvķ stjórnarformi sem landsmenn völdu ķ žjóšaratkvęši įriš 1944. Žetta stjórnarform nefnist lżšveldi, sem felur ķ sér aš fullveldi ķ landinu er hjį lżšnum. Ķ stašinn er Žorsteinn aš berjast fyrir stjórnarformi sem hann nefnir žingręši. Žingręši er ekki skilgreint ķ stjórnarskrįnni og raunar ekki nefnt žar į nafn. Ķsland er lżšveldi meš žingbundinni stjórn. Ķ fyrstu grein Stjórnarskrįrinnar segir: »Ķsland er lżšveldi meš žing-bundinni stjórn.« Žessi setning merkir aš lżšurinn fer meš fullveldis-réttinn ķ landinu og aš rķkisstjórnin er bundin įkvöršunum Alžingis. Skipun rķkisstjórna er alls ekki ķ höndum Alžingis, heldur er skipun og lausn rįšherra ķ höndum forseta lżšveldisins. Hvernig Žorsteinn Pįlsson getur misskiliš žessar stašreyndir er eitt af leyndarmįlum alheimsins. Ķ ritgerš sinni segir Žorsteinn:
Af 81 grein nśgildandi stjórnarskrįr fjalla 30 fyrstu greinarnar um verkefni forsetans. Ętlar Žorsteinn Pįlson aš afskrifa stjórnarfarslega stöšu forsetans meš hįšsyršum? Enginn vafi leikur į aš forsetinn er umbošsmašur almennings og hann hefur žaš višfangsefni aš gęta hagsmuna landsmanna gagnvart óžjóšhollum stjórnmįlaöflum. Allir ęttu aš geta lesiš 26. grein stjórnarskrįrinnar og séš aš forsetinn getur sent lög ķ žjóšaratkvęši, en hefur ekki neitunarvald. Viš vitum aš viš įkvaršanir sķnar hefur Ólafur Ragnar eingöngu vķsaš til vilja žjóšarinnar. Enda vęri tilgangslaust aš senda lög ķ žjóšaratkvęši sem ekki vęru lķkur til aš yršu felld. Er einveldi fullkomnara en lżšveldi? Til aš koma höggi į lżšveldiš leišist Žorsteinn śt ķ samanburšarfręši og fullyršir aš beint lżšręši sé ekki fullkomnara en fulltrśalżšręši. Žaš er undarlegt aš gefa ķ skyn aš eitt stjórnarform geti veriš »fullkomnara« en annaš. Öllum einręšisherrum finnst örugglega, aš eina fullkomna stjórnarfariš sé einveldi. Hins vegar er lżšveldi į Ķslandi og viš skulum žakka stofnendum lżšveldisins fyrir žaš. Annars vęri žjóšin nśna meš 1.000 milljarša Icesave-klyfjar į bakinu og eru žó nęg mistök rķkisstjórnar. En aš oršum Žorsteins:
Öll žessi mįlsgrein er višsnśningur į stašreyndum. Forsetinn hafnaši ekki »tillögu rįšherra«, heldur hafnaši hann lagafrumvarpi stašfestingar sem varš samt samtķmis aš lögum. Ķ žeim gerningi fólst engin »pólitķsk andstaša viš lögin«, heldur vitund um andstöšu fullveldishafans - landsmanna. Įlķka gįfuleg er fullyršing Žorsteins, aš žjóšaratkvęši sé ķ Stjórnarskrįnni til aš leysa įgreining forseta og Alžingis. Forsetinn hefur ekki gert neinn įgreining viš Alžingi, hvorki um Icesave né önnur mįl.
Ķsland er lżšveldi meš žingbundinni stjórn, sem merkir aš lżšurinn fer meš fullveldisréttinn og aš rķkisstjórnin er bundin įkvöršunum Alžingis. >>><<< _____________________________________________________________________ |
22.2.2012 | 00:29
Kęra: Starfsemi Evrópustofu er margfalt brot į landslögum !
Peningastefnan | |||||
Peningastefnan |
Kęra: Starfsemi Evrópustofu er margfalt brot į landslögum ! Rķkissaksóknari Hverfisgata 6 150 Reykjavķk Reykjavķk 17. febrśar 2012. Varšar kęru į brotum į eftirfarandi lögum:
Fyrir hönd Samstöšu žjóšar, kęrum viš:
Aš auki kęrum viš alla starfsmenn žeirra félaga og stofnana sem nefnd hafa veriš, žar į mešal eftirtalda starfsmenn Evrópustofu: Birna Žórarinsdóttir, Įrni Žóršur Jónsson, Bryndķs Nielsen, Gušbergur Ragnar Ęgisson, Jóna Sólveig Elķnardóttir. A. Vķsaš er til: 1. og 5. mįlsgreina, 6. greinar, laga 162/2006, sem hljóšar svo: III. kafli. Almenn framlög til stjórnmįlastarfsemi. 6. gr. Móttaka framlaga. Stjórnmįlasamtökum og frambjóšendum er heimilt aš taka į móti framlögum til starfsemi sinnar eša til kosningabarįttu meš žeim takmörkunum sem leišir af 2.–5. mgr. žessarar greinar og įkvęšum 7. gr. Óheimilt er aš veita vištöku framlögum frį óžekktum gefendum. Óheimilt er aš veita vištöku framlögum frį fyrirtękjum aš meiri hluta ķ eigu, eša undir stjórn, rķkis eša sveitarfélaga. Óheimilt er aš veita vištöku framlögum frį opinberum ašilum sem ekki rśmast innan įkvęša II. kafla. Óheimilt er aš veita vištöku framlögum frį erlendum rķkisborgurum, fyrirtękjum eša öšrum ašilum sem skrįšir eru ķ öšrum löndum. Bann žetta tekur žó ekki til framlaga frį erlendum rķkisborgurum sem njóta kosningaréttar hér į landi skv. 3. mgr. 2. gr. laga nr. 5/1998, um kosningar til sveitarstjórna. B. Vķsaš er til: 1. – 5. greina laga 62/1978 og greinargeršar meš lagafrumvarpinu, žar sem mešal annars segir: “Orsök žess, aš flutningsmenn flytja nś žetta sérstaka frumvarp, sem varšar einn žįtt mįlsins, er hins vegar sś, aš upp komst nś ķ vetur og liggur fyrir jįtning eins stjórnmįlaflokks, Alžżšuflokksins, aš hann hafi leitaš fjįrframlaga erlendis frį og fįi nś žašan peninga til žess aš kosta śtgįfu blašs sķns og standa straum af annarri stjórnmįlastarfsemi į landi hér.” 1. gr. Žį er erlendum sendirįšum į Ķslandi óheimilt aš kosta eša styrkja blašaśtgįfu ķ landinu. 2. gr. Lög žessi taka til stjórnmįlaflokka og félagasamtaka žeirra, svo og til hvers konar stofnana, sem starfa į žeirra vegum, beint eša óbeint, ž. į m. blaša, og einnig til blaša og tķmarita, sem śt eru gefin į vegum einstaklinga eša félagasamtaka. 3. gr. Bann žaš, sem felst ķ 1. gr. žessara laga, nęr til hvers konar stušnings, sem metinn veršur til fjįr, ž. į m. til greišslu launa starfsmanna eša gjafa ķ formi vörusendinga.
Erlendir ašilar teljast ķ lögum žessum sérhverjar stofnanir eša einstaklingar, sem hafa erlent rķkisfang, hvort sem žeir eru bśsettir hér į landi eša ekki.
Brot gegn lögum žessum varša sektum. Fjįrmagn, sem af hendi er lįtiš ķ trįssi viš lög žessi, skal gert upptękt og rennur til rķkissjóšs. C. Vķsaš er til: 1. mįlsgreinar, 41. greinar laga 16/1971, sem hljóšar svo: 41. gr. 1. Žaš er skylda allra žeirra, sem njóta forréttinda og frišhelgi, aš virša lög og reglur móttökurķkisins, en žó žannig aš forréttindi žeirra eša frišhelgi skeršist eigi. Į žeim hvķlir einnig sś skylda aš skipta sér ekki af innanlandsmįlum žess rķkis. 2. Öll opinber erindi, sem móttökurķkiš varša og falin eru sendirįšinu af sendirķkinu, skulu rekin hjį utanrķkisrįšuneyti móttökurķkisins eša hjį öšru rįšuneyti, sem samkomulag veršur um, eša fyrir milligöngu žeirra. 3. Ekki mį nota sendirįšssvęšiš į nokkurn žann hįtt sem ósamrżmanlegur er störfum sendirįšsins svo sem žau eru skilgreind ķ žessum samningi eša ķ öšrum reglum hins almenna žjóšaréttar eša sérsamningum milli sendirķkisins og móttökurķkisins. Greinargerš: Evrópustofa tók til starfa 21. janśar 2012 og er til hśsa aš Sušurgötu 10, 101 Reykjavķk. Viš opnunina fluttu įvörp Oddnż Haršardóttir fjįrmįlarįšherra og Timo Summa, sendiherra ESB į Ķslandi. Nafngreindir starfsmenn eru fimm: Birna Žórarinsdóttir, Įrni Žóršur Jónsson, Bryndķs Nielsen, Gušbergur Ragnar Ęgisson, Jóna Sólveig Elķnardóttir. Samkvęmt upplżsingum į vef Evrópustofu er Evrópustofa mišstöš kynningar og upplżsinga. Hlutverk hennar er aš auka skilning og žekkingu į ešli og starfsemi ESB, žar į mešal kostum og göllum viš mögulega ašild. Samkvęmt sömu heimild er Evrópustofa fjįrmögnuš af Evrópusambandinu. Samkvęmt ummęlum utanrķkisrįšherra Össurar Skarphéšinssonar er stofnun Evrópustofu til komin vegna beišni hans ķ nafni Utanrķkisrįšuneytis aš Evrópusambandiš veiti fjįrstyrk til aš reka Evrópustofuna. Formlega er žaš stękkunardeild ESB sem stjórnar fjįrveitingum til starfseminnar. Śtboš vegna starfsemi Evrópustofu var auglżst 02. September 2010, meš tilbošsfresti til 22. október 2010. Ķ śtbošinu var gert rįš fyrir aš starfsemi Evrópustofu hęfist 01. janśar 2011 og lengd samningstķmans vęri 24 mįnušir. Af óžekktum įstęšum dróst aš hefja starfsemina um 12 mįnuši og žvķ mį gera rįš fyrir aš lok samningsins verši 20. janśar 2014. Verkefninu er svo lżst: Contract description:
Ķ śtbošsgögnum, sem hęgt er aš nįlgast į vefsetri “Sendinefnd ESB į Ķslandi” er tilgreint aš fyrirhuguš starfsemi styšjist viš “EC Council Regulation No 1085/2006 of 17.7.2006 establishing an Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA)”. Einnig kemur fram aš samningupphęšin sé aš upphęš EUR.700.000 fyrir fyrstu 12 mįnušina, en gefinn įdrįttur um aš samningurinn verši framlengdur um ašra 12 mįnuši og heildarupphęš verši EUR.1.400.000, sem samsvarar tępum IKR.250 milljónum. Žetta fjįrmagn er žó bara lķtill hluti žess sem Evrópusambandiš er reišubśiš aš leggja ķ įróšur svo aš Ķsland gangist žvķ į hönd. Žannig gerši Framkvęmdastjórn ESB žann 08. aprķl 2011 samžykkt (COMMISSION DECISION of 08.04.2011 on a Multi-annual Indicative Planning Document (MIPD) 2011-2013 for Iceland), žar sem samžykktar eru fjįrveitingar til Evrópustofu (EU Information Centre in Reykjavik) fyrir žrjś įr (2011: EUR 10 million, 2012: EUR 12 million, 2013: EUR 6 million). Žarna er Evrópustofu svo lżst: http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/pdf/mipd_iceland_2011_2013_en.pdf
Aš auki mį žess geta aš eftirfarandi fyrirtęki sóttust eftir samningi viš ESB um aš starfrękja hina ólöglegu Evrópustofu: B & S Europe, Premisa d.o.o., InWent. College of Europe, Reykjavik University. Congress Service Center, Albany Associates, M.C. Triton, AP PR ECORYS, University of Iceland, God Samskipti PR. EIR Development Partners, KOM PR, Pomilio Blumm, European Movement Latvia. INTRASOFT, HCL Consultants Ltd. Media Consulta International, Athygli Public Relations. SAFEGE, European Service Network, Aspect Relations Publiques, Cecoforma.
Verkefni Evrópustofu varšar mesta deiluefni Ķslenskra stjórnmįla, hugsanlega innlimun Ķslands ķ Evrópusambandiš. Samfylkingin er eini stjórnmįlflokkur landsins sem hefur innlimun sem megin barįttumįl. Utanrķkisrįšherra Össur Skarphéšinsson og fjįrmįlarįšherra Oddnż Haršardóttir, bęši Alžingismenn śr Samfylkingu standa fyrir stofnun Evrópustofu. Žess vegna er starfsemi Evrópustofu greinilega pólitķsks ešlis og ber aš skoša starfsemi hennar sem ólögleg afskipti af innanrķkismįlum Ķslendinga og fyrir žessari ólöglegu starfsemi stendur Samfylkingin. Starfsfólk Evrópustofu er einnig aš brjóta landslög, meš žįtttöku sinni ķ starfsemi sem öllum ętti aš vera ljóst aš er ólögleg. Ętla veršur aš fleiri en nefndir rįšherrar séu vitoršsmenn og liggur bęši rķkisstjórnin ķ heild og Samfylkingin undir grun um žįtttöku ķ lögbrotunum. Sekt starfsmanna Evrópusambandsins er augljós, bęši sendiherrans Timo Summa og stękkunarstjóra ESB Štefan Füle. Žetta fólk er aš skipta sér af innanrķkismįlum į Ķslandi. Evrópusambandinu ętti aš vera ljóst aš starfsemi žeirra hérlendis er brot į Vķnarsamningnum. Viš beinum žeim tilmęlum til Rķkissaksóknara, aš kęra okkar leiši til lögreglurannsóknar og aš henni lokinni verši hinir įkęršu sóttir til saka fyrir dómstólum landsins. Žeir brotamenn sem njóta frišhelgi veršur aš vķsa tafarlaust śr landi.
Viršingarfyllst fyrir hönd Samstöšu žjóšar. Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson Pétur Valdimarsson _____________________________________________________________________ Skrįsett heimilisfang: Laugarįsvegur 4, 104 Reykjavķk - Netföng: hlutverk@simnet.is / thrastalundur@simnet.is |
20.2.2012 | 20:48
Sešlabankinn taldi fjįrmįlastöšugleika ógnaš meš dómum Hęstaréttar !
Peningastefnan |
Sešlabankinn taldi fjįrmįlastöšugleika ógnaš meš dómum Hęstaréttar ! 20. febrśar 2012. Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson. Hęstiréttur felldi dóma 16. jśnķ 2010 um gengistryggingu, sem valdiš hafa miklu fjašrafoki fram į žennan dag og munu gera įfram um ófyrirséša framtķš. Dómana er hęgt aš lesa hér: 92/2010 og hér: 153/2010. Dómstóllinn dęmdi gengistryggingu höfušstóls lįna ólöglega. Lagalega voru dómarnir rangir, žótt žeir vęru sišferšilega réttir ķ ljósi žess aš valda-ašall landsins steypti bankahruninu yfir žjóšina. Hęstiréttur felldi dómana į grundvelli laga 38/2001, um vexti og veršbętur. Nišurstöšunni réšu lögskżringargögn, en žau eru ekki tilgreind ķ dómunum nema greinargerš meš lagafrumvarpinu. Žessi greinargerš var undirbśin af žįverandi višskiptarįšherra Valgerši Sverrisdóttur, en mįliš var flutt af utanrķkisrįšherra Halldóri Įsgrķmssyni. Greinargeršin meš frumvarpinu hefši ekki įtt aš gilda til lögskżringar, žvķ aš Alžingi tók enga afstöšu til hugmynda flutningsmanns, einungis til efnis frumvarpsins sjįlfs. Frįleitt veršur aš telja, aš Hęstiréttur dęmi eftir hugmyndum flutningsmanna frumvarpa um innihald laga sem sett eru ķ framhaldi af frumvörpum. Samkvęmt gildandi stjórnarskrį fer Alžingi meš löggjafarvaldiš ķ umboši lżšsins, en rįšherrarnir eru bundnir af įkvöršunum Alžingis (Ķsland er lżšveldi meš žingbundinni stjórn). Rįšherrar eru skipašir ķ embętti og reknir śr stólunum af forseta Lżšveldisins. Vel getur hins vegar veriš aš óskrifuš stjórnarskrį Samfylkingarinnar feli rįšherrum fullveldisrétt žjóšarinnar. Ótti Sešlabankans viš afleišingar af dómum Hęstaréttar. Žegar dómar Hęstaréttar frį 16. jśnķ 2010 lįgu fyrir, fylltist sešlabankastjóri miklum ótta viš aš »fjįrmįlstöšugleiki« hagkerfisins vęri ķ hęttu. Sešlabankinn sendi frį sér »tilmęli« 30. jśnķ 2010 til fjįrmįlafyrirtękja um vaxtakjör į viškomandi śtlįnum ķ kjölfar dómanna. Var Fjįrmįlaeftirlitiš (FME) haft meš ķ tilkynningunni. Hins vegar var FME lķklega ekki haft meš ķ rįšum, žvķ aš tilmęlin hafa ekki ennžį veriš birt į vefsetri FME. Žetta er žeim mun grunsamlegra žar sem FME er ķ tilmęlunum nefnt į undan Sešlabankanum. Sama dag og tilmęlin voru birt, hélt Sešlabankinn fréttamannafund žar sem tilmęlunum var fylgt eftir. Ašstošarsešlabankastjórinn geri žar grein fyrir ótta Sešlabankans viš afleišingum dóma Hęstaréttar fyrir »fjįrmįlastöšugleikann«. Ķ mįli hans kom einnig fram žaš įlit, aš rķkissjóšur hefši žį skyldu aš leggja bönkunum til fjįrmagn, ef gengiš yrši hart aš žeim žannig aš skuldurum yrši hlķft viš hęstu vaxtagreišslum. Ekki er ljóst hvašan Sešlabankinn hefur žį hugmynd aš Ķslendskir bankar séu meš rķkisįbyrgš. Ašstošarsešlabankastjórinn sagši mešal annars ķ inngangsoršum sķnum:
Umbošsmašur Alžingis sendi Sešlabankanum fyrirspurn. Ķ framhaldi af framangreindum “tilmęlum”, sem margir nefna “fyrirmęli”, sendi Umbošsmašur Alžingins fyrirspurn til Sešlabankans. Fyrirspurnin var dagsett 07. jślķ 2010 og henni svaraši Sešlabankinn (en ekki FME !) 23. jślķ 2010. Aušvitaš rķkir bankaleynd um žau atriši sem skipta mįli varšandi “tilmęlin”. Ķ svarinu tjįir Sešlabankinn sömu įhyggjur og įšur höfšu komiš fram, varšandi »fjįrmįlastöšugleika« og įbyrgš rķkissjóšs į bönkunum. Mešal annars segir svo:
Hreingerning er naušsynleg ķ Sešlabankanum. Meš ólķkindum veršur aš telja, aš Sešlabankinn sżni almenningi svona fjandsamlega afstöšu. Sešlabankinn hafši fullkomlega rangt fyrir sér varšandi hęttuna į »fjįrmįlstöšugleikanum« yrši ógnaš. Bankinn hefur heldur enga heimild til aš fullyrša aš rķkisįbyrgš sé į bönkum ķ eigu erlendra vogunarsjóša. Žį liggur fyrir aš eiginfé bankanna žriggja var komiš yfir 500 milljaršar um sķšustu įramót og žeim rįnsfeng į aš lįta žį skila. Dómur Hęstaréttar frį 15. febrśar 2012 um aš samningsvextir skuli gilda į ólöglegu gengistryggšu lįnunum, segir lķka sķna sögu um vanžekkingu Sešlabankans į lögum landsins. Hreingerning er naušsynleg ķ Sešlabankanum sem gert hefur hver mistökin į fętur öšrum. Torgreinda peningastefnu (discretionary monetary policy) veršur aš gera śtlęga og taka ķ stašinn upp fastgengi Krónunnar undir stjórn myntrįšs. Žį getum viš skilaš žeim 1000 milljóršum Króna sem Sešlabankinn hefur tekiš aš lįni. Annaš mikilvęgt verkefni er aš aflétta lįnskjaravķsitölunni af hśsnęšislįnum landsmanna. Vķsitöluhękkanir eru enda bein afleišing af falli Krónunnar og žau tengsl eru aušvelt aš sanna. Fyrst bein gengistrygging er ólögleg, žį hlżtur sama aš gilda um óbeina gengistryggingu sem birtist ķ veršbólgu og hękkun lįnskjaravķsitölunnar. Stjórnvöld mega ekki lengur komast upp meš aš žjóna erlendum vogunarsjóšum og haldiš įfram aš vinna gegn hagsmunum žjóšarinnar.
ķ umboši lżšsins, en rįšherrarnir eru bundnir af įkvöršunum Alžingis (Ķsland er lżšveldi meš žingbundinni stjórn). Rįšherrar eru skipašir ķ embętti og reknir śr stólunum af forseta Lżšveldisins.
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19.2.2012 | 15:50
Ólafur Arnarson: Žżfinu skal skila ! - Hvar eru žjófarnir ?
Peningastefnan |
Žżfinu skal skila ! - Hvar eru žjófarnir ? Fyrst birt į Pressunni 16. febrśar 2012. Ólafur Arnarson. Hęstiréttur hefur fellt tķmamótadóm. Meš dóminum įréttar ęšsti dómstóll žjóšarinnar aš eignarréttur einstaklinga er lķka stjórnarskrįrvarinn en ekki ašeins eignarréttur fjįrmįlafyrirtękja, fjįrfesta og kröfuhafa. Žetta eru vęntanlega nokkur tķšindi fyrir Alžingi og rķkisstjórnina, sem fram til žessa hafa gętt žess aš ganga ekki į eignarrétt fjįrmįlafyrirtękja og kröfuhafa en lįtiš sig eignarrétt einstaklinga – og hvaš žį skuldugra einstaklinga – engu varša. Allir sjö dómararnir eru į einu mįli um aš lög nr. 151/2010 ganga gegn 72. gr. stjórnarskrį lżšveldisins Ķslands. Fyrri mįlsgrein žeirrar greinar hljóšar svo:
Žetta er ekki flókinn texti og ętla mętti aš hvaša skussi sem klöngrast hefur ķ gegnum einhverja af fjölmörgum hįskólalagadeildum žessa lands gęti stautaš sig ķ gegnum hann. Jafnvel ólöglęrt fólk skilur žennan texta. En ekki žeir 27 žingmenn sem samžykktu 18. desember 2010 aš brjóta gegn žessum helga rétti Ķslendinga. Dómur Hęstaréttar skilgreinir oftekna og afturį reiknaša vexti bankanna af ólöglegum gengislįnum sem žżfi. Ķ žvķ ljósi er óskiljanlegt aš žrķr af sjö dómurum réttarins skildu einhvern veginn komast aš žeirri nišurstöšu aš žjófurinn (bankar og fjįrmįlafyrirtęki) eigi aš fį aš halda žżfinu en ekki skila žvķ til fórnarlamba glępsins.
Forhertir rįšamenn. Višbrögš rįšamanna, žingmanna og jafnvel fjölmišla viš dóminum eru undarleg. Steingrķmur J. Sigfśsson heldur žvķ fram aš dómurinn sé óskżr og t.d. komi ekkert fram ķ honum um žaš hve langt aftur ķ tķmann eigi aš endurreikna. Hann var hins vegar ekki ķ vafa um žaš hve langt aftur ętti aš endurreikna žegar hann beitti sér fyrir žvķ aš lögfest yrši aš sešlabankavextirnir skyldu gilda frį lįntökudegi. Dómur Hęstaréttar er kristalstęr. Žaš į aš endurreikna į samningsvöxtum aftur til lįntökudags. Žeir vextir gilda fram til 16. september 2010 er dómur Hęstaréttar féll ķ mįli nr. 471/2010. Allt sem tekiš var umfram samningsvexti fram til žess tķma er žżfi, sem ber aš skila. Steingrķmur stendur hér enn vörš um hagsmuni aušvaldsins og gegn hagsmunum almennings. Žį segir Steingrķmur óvķst um fordęmisgildi dómsins. Žaš var einmitt žaš, jį! Mašurinn heldur greinilega aš eignarrétturinn sé eitthvaš ofan į brauš. Ķ hvaša tilvikum telur efnahags- og višskiptarįšherrann aš žaš stangist ekki į viš stjórnarskrį aš ganga bótalaust į eignarétt fólks?Helgi Hjörvar, formašur efnahags- og višskiptanefndar Alžingis sagši ķ sjónvarpsfréttum ķ gęrkvöldi aš „tjón“ bankanna gęti numiš milljaršatugum! „TJÓN“? Tślkar žingmašurinn žaš semsagt svo žegar žżfi er gert upptękt hjį innbrotsžjófi og skilaš til réttra eigenda aš innbrotsžjófurinn verši fyrir „tjóni“? Fréttamašur RŚV talaši um „kostnaš“ bankanna vegna dómsins. Žarna er heldur betur bśiš aš snśa hlutunum į haus. Steingrķmur J. og fleiri halda žvķ fram aš lögin, sem Hęstiréttur hefur nś afgreitt sem gróft stjórnarskrįrbrot, hafi fališ ķ sér réttarbót til skuldara og bętt žeirra hag. Žetta er vitanlega rakalaus žvęttingur vegna žess aš lögin beinlķnis leyfšu bönkunum aš stela peningum af fólki. Žaš kann aš vera aš mikill meirihluti žingsins hafi viljaš ganga enn lengra ķ žjónkun viš fjįrmįlafyrirtękin į žessum tķma en žaš breytir ekki žeirri stašreynd aš lögin brutu stjórnarskrįrvarinn rétt fólks en bęttu ekki hag žess. Nś hefur Įrni Pįll Įrnason greint frį žvķ, sem raunar var vitaš, aš kröfuhafar beittu hótunum gagnvart stjórnvöldum ķ ašdraganda lagasetningarinnar. Žaš stendur žvķ stašfest aš ķslensk stjórnvöld brutu gegn stjórnarskrįrvöršum rétti almennings ķ žjónkun viš kröfuhafa. Geta stjórnvöld ķ einu landi lagst mikiš lęgra? Ašeins žrķr žingmenn į hinum hįa Alžingi böršust gegn stjórnarskrįrbroti rķkisstjórnar-meirihlutans. Žaš voru žingmenn Hreyfingarinnar, Margrét Tryggvadóttir, Birgitta Jónsdóttir og Žór Saari.
Margir mešsekir. Dómur Hęstaréttar ķ gęr stašfestir aš ķslenskir bankar stįlu af višskiptavinum sķnum og skįkušu ķ skjóli stjórnarskrįrbrota löggjafans. Bankarnir voru ekki einir aš verki. Strax hįlfum mįnuši eftir aš Hęstiréttur dęmdi gengisbundin lįn ólögleg ķ jśnķ 2010 sendu Sešlabankinn og Fjįrmįlaeftirlitiš „tilmęli“ til fjįrmįlafyrirtękja um aš nota sešlabankavexti ķ staš samningsvaxta į hin ólöglegu gengislįn. Raunar viršast žetta fremur vera fyrirmęli til fjįrmįlafyrirtękja en ekki tilmęli enda fóru öll fjįrmįlafyrirtęki landsins eftir žessum „tilmęlum“. Rķkisstjórnin ręddi žessi mįl sumariš 2010. Gylfi Magnśsson, žįverandi višskiptarįšherra, vildi aš rķkisstjórnin setti brįšabirgšalög um aš sešlabankavextir skyldu reiknašir į öll gengisbundin lįn allt aftur til lįntökudags. Jóhanna Siguršardóttir og Steingrķmur J. Sigfśsson voru fylgjandi žessari tillögu og reyndu meš haršfylgi aš fį hana samžykkta. Žaš gekk ekki eftir vegna mikillar andstöšu annarra lykilrįšherra. Eftir forskrift Sešlabanka og FME. Žaš er fyrst meš dómi sķnum ķ gęr sem Hęstiréttur tekur af öll tvķmęli um aš vitanlega mį ekki skerša kjör lįntaka aftur ķ tķmann. Fyrir utan aš byggja dóm sinn į bjargföstum grunni stjórnarskrįrinnar eru greinar ķ samningalögum, sem styšja viš nišurstöšu réttarins ķ gęr. Konungstilskipunin frį 9. febrśar 1798 kvešur skżrt į um gildi fullnašarkvittana fyrir greišslu. Žį eru reglur ESB um neytendavernd, sem viš Ķslendingar erum ašilar aš ķ gegnum EES samninginn, skżrar og styšja dóm Hęstaréttar.
Nś er til nóg af peningum. Viš getum ekki treyst bönkunum til aš endurreikna ólöglegu lįnin śt frį hinum nżja dómi Hęstaréttar. Žaš er įlķka skynsamlegt og aš leyfa innbrotsžjófi aš velja hvaša hluta žżfis hann vill skila fórnarlambi sķnu eša hvort hann vill skila einhverju yfirleitt. Žaš veršur žvķ aš fį óhįšan utanaškomandi ašila til aš sjį um endurśtreikninginn. Bönkunum er ekki treystandi. Viš getum heldur ekki treyst Sešlabankanum eša FME. Hagfręšistofnun Hįskóla Ķslands hefur sżnt sig aš vera annaš hvort vanhęf, gjörspillt eša hvort tveggja žannig aš ekki getum viš treyst henni. Lķklega er best aš fį virta erlenda endurskošendur ķ žessa śtreikninga. Žaš vęri svo ekki śr vegi aš setja tilsjónarmenn inn ķ alla banka og slitastjórnir til aš fylgjast meš žvķ sem žar fer fram.
Verštryggingin nęst. Nś er einnig grķšarlega mikilvęgt aš lįta ekki deigan sķga ķ barįttunni fyrir leišréttingu į verštryggšu lįnunum og afnįmi verštryggingar. Dómur Hęstaréttar ķ gęr var įfangasigur fyrir hrjįša skuldara žessa lands. Verštryggšu lįnin eru nęst og žau veršur aš leišrétta. Įn efa mun verštryggingarelķtan reyna aš etja saman annars vegar žeim sem fengu leišréttingu meš dóminum ķ gęr og hins vegar žeim sem sitja uppi meš stökkbreytt verštryggš lįn. Žaš mį ekki verša. Nś žarf aš hreinsa til og losa kerfiš viš bubbana sem hikušu ekki viš aš brjóta gegn eignarrétti ķslenskrar alžżšu į sama tķma og žeir sungu hįstöfum um aš alls ekki mętti fara gegn eignarrétti fjįrmįlafyrirtękja og kröfuhafa vegna žess aš žį gętu žeir fariš ķ mįl og krafist skašabóta.
Hinir seku beri įbyrgš. Bankar hafa ólöglega gengiš aš eignum fólks og fyrirtękja ķ skjóli ólaganna, sem kölluš eru lög nr. 151/2010. Sumir hafa misst ķbśšir sķnar og ašrir bķla. Fyrirtęki hafa veriš svipt vinnuvélum sķnum og sett ķ gjaldžrot. Allt ķ skjóli stjórnarskrįrbros. Fjöldi einstaklinga og fyrirtękja į hįar skašabótakröfur į banka og fjįrmögnunarfyrirtęki – langt fram yfir žęr vaxtaendurgreišslur sem leiša beint af dómi Hęstaréttar.
sem situr eins og klessa um allt ķslenska stjórn- og stofnanakerfiš. Viš megum ekki gefa hrokanum, ósvķfninni og lögleysunni griš. Ekki nś! Aldrei meir! ---<<<>>>------<<<>>>------<<<>>>------<<<>>>------<<<>>>---
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18.2.2012 | 22:43
Aristóteles fjallaši um: stjórnarskrį, fullveldi og stjórnarform
Stjórnarskrįin | Peningastefnan |
Aristóteles fjallaši um: stjórnarskrį, fullveldi og stjórnarform. 18. febrśar 2012. Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson. Af žeirri brenglušu umręšu um Stjórnarskrįna sem er ķ gangi ķ landinu, gęti mašur haldiš aš hugtök eins og stjórnarskrį og fullveldi hefšu veriš fundin upp eftir sķšustu aldamót. Svo er žó aušvitaš ekki, žvķ aš žessi hugtök eru meira en 2000 įra gömul. Til aš sanna vantrśušum aš ég fer ekki meš fleipur, birti ég hér fyrir nešan nokkrar mįlsgreinar śr riti Aristótelesar (384FX - 322FX), en hann žarf vonandi ekki aš kynna fyrir neinum lesanda. Bókin nefnist Stjórnspekin, (Πολιτικά), en į Enskri tungu nefnist hśn Politics. Stjórnarskrį (constitution) gerir grein fyrir stjórnarformi rķkis og einkum hver fer meš fullveldisréttindi rķkisins og hvernig stjórnarathafnir skulu fara fram. Mikilvęgt er aš stjórnvalds-athafnir séu ašgreindar ķ höndum löggjafarvalds, framkvęmdavalds og dómsvalds. Fullveldi (sovereign power) er óskiptanlegt og ķ höndum eins ašila. Fullveldishafinn getur veriš einn einstaklingur, hópur manna, eša allir einstaklingar rķkis. Žetta skildi Aristótelis fullkomlega, en sama veršur ekki sagt um marga sem tjį sig um mįliš į okkar dögum. Fullveldi hefur ekkert meš aš gera sjįlfstęši rķkis gagnvart öšrum rķkjum. Žaš versta sem menn geta gert ķ umręšu um stjórnarform er aš rugla saman žessum hugtökum. Stjórnarformi (form of government) rķkja er hęgt aš skipa ķ 3 flokka: konungsveldi, höfšingjaveldi eša lżšveldi, en aušvitaš geta nöfn žessara flokka veriš önnur en hér eru notuš og einnig geta śtfęrslur ķ hverju rķki veriš mismunandi. Mikilvęgasti munurinn innan hvers flokks er hversu fast fullveldishafinn heldur um fullveldisréttindin.
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Kaflar śr Politics eftir Aristóteles - Bók III, žżšing eftir Benjamin Jowett.
CHAPTER 6. Having determined these questions, we have next to consider whether there is only one form of government or many, and if many, what they are, and how many, and what are the differences between them. A constitution is the arrangement of magistracies in a state, especially of the highest of all. The government is everywhere sovereign in the state, and the constitution is in fact the government. For example, in democracies the people are supreme, but in oligarchies, the few; and, therefore, we say that these two forms of government also are different: and so in other cases.
CHAPTER 7. Having determined these points, we have next to consider how many forms of government there are, and what they are; and in the first place what are the true forms, for when they are determined the perversions of them will at once be apparent. The words constitution and government have the same meaning, and the government, which is the supreme authority in states, must be in the hands of one, or of a few, or of the many. The true forms of government, therefore, are those in which the one, or the few, or the many, govern with a view to the common interest; but governments which rule with a view to the private interest, whether of the one or of the few, or of the many, are perversions. For the members of a state, if they are truly citizens, ought to participate in its advantages. Of forms of government in which one rules, we call that which regards the common interests, kingship or royalty (konungsveldi); that in which more than one, but not many, rule, aristocracy (höfšingjaveldi); and it is so called, either because the rulers are the best men, or because they have at heart the best interests of the state and of the citizens. But when the citizens at large administer the state for the common interest, the government is called by the generic name- a constitution. And there is a reason for this use of language. One man or a few may excel in virtue; but as the number increases it becomes more difficult for them to attain perfection in every kind of virtue, though they may in military virtue, for this is found in the masses. Hence in a constitutional government the fighting-men have the supreme power, and those who possess arms are the citizens. Of the above-mentioned forms, the perversions are as follows: of royalty, tyranny (konungsveldi); of aristocracy, oligarchy (höfšingjaveldi); of constitutional government, democracy (lżšveldi). For tyranny is a kind of monarchy which has in view the interest of the monarch only; oligarchy has in view the interest of the wealthy; democracy, of the needy: none of them the common good of all. Yfirlit yfir stjórnarform
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17.2.2012 | 20:23
Leyniskżrsla Evrópusambandsins frį 09. desember 2010
Stjórnarskrįin | Peningastefnan |
Leyniskżrsla Evrópusambandsins frį 09. desember 2010. 17. febrśar 2012. Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson.
Žeirri ranghugmynd hefur veriš haldiš aš landsmönnum aš rķkisstjórn Ķslands sé hvati umsóknarinnar aš Evrópusambandinu. Žessu er alls ekki svo fariš, heldur er žaš Evrópusambandiš sem sękir fast aš innlima landiš og kjölturakkar ESB hlżša einungis fyrirmęlum frį Brussel. Skżrslur frį ESB sżna aš žetta er stašreynd og veršur hér getiš įrs-gamallar leyniskżrslu sem Samstöšu žjóšar hefur nżlega borist.
Skżrslan er dagsett 09. desember 2010 og var gerš aš frumkvęši Maroš Šefčovič, sem er varaforseti Framkvęmdastjórnar ESB og Štefan Füle sem er stękkunarstjóri. Skżrslan ber heitiš “Ķsland sem umsóknarland” og žaš veršur aš teljast merkilegt aš žaš eintak sem Samstaša hefur undir höndum er į Ķslendsku. Staffan Nilsson er skrifašur fyrir skżrslunni sem formašur Efnahags- og félagsmįlanefndar ESB (EESC).
Skżrslan hefst į tilvķsun til leynifundar sem haldinn var į Hilton hótelinu ķ Reykjavķk 08. September 2010. Til fundarins var bošiš heldstu kjölturökkum ESB og ręšumenn voru fulltrśar samtaka eins og Samtaka atvinnulķfsins (Róbert Trausti Įrnason), Samtaka išnašarins (Bjarni Mįr Gylfason) og Alžżšusambandsins (Gylfi Arnbjörnsson), auk fulltrśa rķkisstjórnarinnar (Stefįn Haukur Jóhannesson). Svo segir ķ skżrslunni:
Litlu veršur Vöggur feginn, žvķ aš jafnvel žótt margir séu svo heimskir aš vilja skoša ķ ESB-skjóšuna, žį munu žeir sömu ekki verša tilbśnir aš fórna sjįlfstęšu rķki į Ķslandi, né aš afsala fullveldisréttindum komandi kynslóša ķ hendur valda-ašals Evrópu.
Žess mį geta aš fyrrnefndur Stefįn Haukur Jóhannesson undirritaši aš sögn Brussel-samninginn frį 14. nóvember 2008. Nś kemur ķ ljós aš hann hlżtur aš hafa undirritaš meš ósżnilegu bleki, žvķ aš Brussel-samningurinn er bara ómerkileg nóta, įn undirskrifta og įn auškenna sem gętu veitt plagginu žjóšréttarlega merkingu. Össur Skarphéšinsson laug til um gerš Brussel-samningsins, sem Alžingi sķšan notaši sem forsendu fyrir gerš Icesave-samninganna. Engan žarf aš undra aš hvorki Bretland né Holland vildu kannast viš lygasamninginn frį Brussel.
Hér fylgja į eftir nokkrar mįlsgreinar śr žessari ótrślegu leyniskżrslu:
Žessi stutta śtskrift śr langri skżrslu, sżnir kaldrifjaša įętlun ESB um aš innlima Ķsland. Öllum rįšun er beitt til aš koma böndum į žį žjóš sem landiš byggir. Leitaš er lišsinnis allra kjölturakka ķ landinu, ekki bara žeirra sem er aš finna ķ Samfylkingunni heldur einnig ķ hagsmunafélögum. Einnig mį benda į einstengingslega afstöšu ESB varšandi forsendulausar Icesave-kröfurnar. Geta žeir talist Ķslendingar sem beygja sig undir svona kröfur ? Teljast žaš ekki landrįš aš stefna af rįšnum hug, aš Ķsland tapi Icesave-mįlinu fyrir EFTA-dómstólnum ?---<<<>>>------<<<>>>------<<<>>>------<<<>>>------<<<>>>---
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15.2.2012 | 16:52
Correspondence with the Commission of the European Union
Stjórnarskrįin | Peningastefnan |
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FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS Financial Stability Head ofUnit
Brussels, 10.02.2012 MARKT H4/SS/ms Ares (2012)s-163283 Mr. Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson Mr. Pétur Valdimarsson Laugarįsvegur 4 104 Reykjavķk Iceland E-mail: hlutverk@simnet.is Subject: Complaint Nr. CHAP(2011) 2011 related to alleged breaches of the EEA Agreement by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. Dear Sirs, Thank you for your letter of 20 December 2011. In this letter you come back with the same issues that have already been dealt with in previous correspondence with this service. As indicated to you in our letters of 27.07.2011 and 24.11.2011, the factual and legal circumstances described by you do not show any infringement of EU law by the British or Dutch authorities that would justify a Commission's action pursuant to Article 258 of the TFEU. I therefore confirm that your complaint Nr. CHAP(2011)2011 has been closed.
Yours faithfully, Nathalie de Basaldśa Contact: Silvia Scatizzi, Telephone: +32 229 60 881, silvia.scatizzi@ec.europa.eu
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Commission of the European Union Your: MARKT H4/SS/ms Ares(2011)s- 1367350 Reykjavķk, 20. December 2011
Dear Ms. Nathalie de Basaldśa. We wish to thank for the letter from the EU Commission dated 24th November 2011. Having carefully examined your arguments on behalf of the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, we wish to submit following additional remarks regarding our complaint. 1. We understand the political motivation behind your arguments, leading to refusal to acknowledge that the accused states breached Iceland’s sovereignty, infringed the EEA Agreement, violated international human rights, broke an EU agreement with Iceland and waged an economic warfare against a NATO founding member.
The Brussels Agreement from 14 November 2008. 2. The Brussels Agreement between Iceland and the European Union is a legally valid document, done on a ministerial level. You are right that the Agreement is of a high level “political nature” which just makes its content more important and completely undisputable. The document is an International Agreement done in accordance with Public International Law. 3. The Commission has not produced any evidence which should hinder the European Court of Justice to acknowledge the factual importance of the Brussels Agreement. The Agreement proves that all parties involved accepted that Iceland’s “unprecedented difficult situation” called for unprecedented assistance by the European Union, as well as the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. 4. Because of the “unprecedented difficult situation” of Iceland the European Union promised to “continue to be involved and consulted”. Furthermore, the European Union as well as the United Kingdom and the Netherlands promised to provide necessary help “concerning financial assistance for Iceland, including the IMF.” The exact wording of the Agreement is as follows: The acceptance by all parties of this legal situation will allow for the expeditious finalization of negotiations underway concerning financial assistance for Iceland, including the IMF. These negotiations shall be conducted in a coordinated and consistent way, and shall take into account the “unprecedented difficult situation” of Iceland and therefore the necessity of finding arrangements that allow Iceland to restore its financial system and its economy. The EU and the EEA Institutions will continue to be involved and consulted on this process. 5. Further prove can be given, that the Brussels Agreement was of a high level political nature as well as constituting a legal document under Public International Law. We wish to advice, that on 05 December 2008 the Alžingi (Legislative Assembly of Iceland) passed a resolution based on the Brussels Agreement, stating Alžingi’s legal position towards the Icesave claims of the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. Furthermore, the financial arrangements made by Iceland at the end of the year 2008 with the International Monetary Fund were based on the Brussels Agreement. The fact that these important and high profile actions rest on the Brussels Agreement make it abundantly clear that the Agreement was far from being “purely of a political nature” , as your statement says. 6. It can be firmly stated that the “general principles” of the European Court of Justice do not apply to the “unprecedented difficult situation” of Iceland. There exists no doubt that the Brussels Agreement proves that our cases against the United Kingdom and the Netherlands are worthy of deliberations by the European Court. One way or the other, our cases will be dealt with by the court. Discretion of the European Court of Justice. 7. We appreciate that you confirm our understanding, that the Icelandic state can on its own undertake action against the guilty states of the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, under Article 259 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). This will undoubtedly be done, once the country is out of the current “unprecedented difficult situation”. In the meantime, we as individuals insist on freely exercising our human rights of having our three cases tried before the European Court of Justice and for that purpose refer to Article 258 of TFEU. 8. The European Court of Justice has repeatedly expressed: “In accordance with its case-law, the Court may of its own motion examine whether the conditions laid down in Article 226 (169) EC for bringing an action for failure to fulfil obligations are satisfied.” Examples:
9. (a) Liability claims against the United Kingdom and the Netherlands will arise from the breaches of these states against Iceland. The enormous damage done to Iceland by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands is in the order of IKR.10.000.000.000.000. This equals about EUR.200.000 per person living in Iceland. One of the consequences of the crimes done by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands is massive emigration from Iceland. Since 2008, yearly emigration from Iceland equals all births in the country. This would equal 10.000.000 people emigrating from the European Union over a three years period. 10. (b) The affected European Community rules involved in our cases are very important. The accused states breached Iceland’s sovereignty, infringed the EEA Agreement, violated international human rights, broke an EU agreement with Iceland (Brussels Agreement) and waged an economic warfare against a NATO founding member. If this list of crimes is not enough for deliberations by the European Court of Justice, the Court should be abolished immediately. 11.(c) A ruling by the European Court of Justice, against the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, will serve as a preventive measure of repeated occurrence. These states will continue their colonial behaviour unless they receive the punishment which they deserve for their grave infringements of human rights. These states have for hundreds of years used force against Iceland, not to mention all other peoples which they have harassed. If these powers are not stopped they will be encouraged by the leniency. Concluding remarks. 12.In view of the proofs that we have provided, it should not be too difficult for the Commission to do a genuine investigation of our cases against the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. We refer to our previous letters, whose content does not need to be repeated. We remind that if the Commission is not convinced of the atrocities committed by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, it should consult with the official sources in Iceland, mentioned previously. 13. Summing up our arguments, we accuse the United Kingdom and the Netherlands of:
Refusing to acknowledge these facts will only add to the widespread disillusion amongst the people of Europe about the future of the European Union. Citizens of Iceland. Sincerely. Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson Pétur Valdimarsson Laugarįsvegur 4 Lękjarhvammur 20 104 Reykjavķk 220 Hafnarfjöršur Iceland Iceland _____________________________________________________________________ Skrįsett heimilisfang: Laugarįsvegur 4, 104 Reykjavķk - Netföng: hlutverk@simnet.is / thrastalundur@simnet.is ______________________________________________________________________ |
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS Financial Stability Head ofUnit Brussels, 24/11/2011 MARKT H4/SS/ms Ares (2011)s - 1367350 Mr. Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson Mr. Petur Valdimarsson Laugarįsvegur 4 104 REYKJAVIK Iceland E-mail: hlutverk@simnet.is Subject: Complaint Nr. CHAP(2011) 2011 related to alleged breaches of the EEA Agreement by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands.
Dear Sirs,
I refer to your complaint Nr. CHAP(2011)2011 concerning alleged breaches of the EEA Agreement by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands.
We have carefully examined the additional information provided in your second letter of 25 September 2011. However, our conclusion regarding the requested opening of an infringement procedure remains unchanged. In the Commission's view the information you provided does not show any infringement of EU law and does not justify the commencement of a procedure in European Court of Justice ("ECJ").
In the first place, we would like to stress that the Court of Justice has clarified that the action under Article 265 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union cannot be exercised by individuals against the failure of the Commission to initiate infringement proceedings in accordance with Article 258 of the Treaty (1). In addition, according to Article 258 of the Treaty and the jurisprudence of the EJC (2) the question of whether to bring an action against a Member state is in the "entire discretion" of the Commission. In light of such broad discretion, be advised that the ECJ has consistently refused (3) actions against the Commission for declining to commence an infringement procedure on the basis of a private complaint (Article 265 TFEU).
Our analysis of your additional information based on the relevant EEA and EU law provisions, is the following.
a) General.
In relation to the Agreement of the 14 November 2008 that you mention, we would like to point out that this agreement is purely of a political nature and has no legal effect. Therefore, the Commission cannot take it into account in the analysis of your complaint.
We underline once more that the ECJ has clarified that the existence of an infringement must be determined by reference to the situation prevailing in the Member State at the end of the period laid down in the reasoned opinion. (4) It is therefore outside the Commission's remit to verify a situation that no longer exists.
We acknowledge the jurisprudential development of exceptions to this "general principle" that you address in your letter. We would point out however that there is no proof that any of the exceptions would apply in this case. In particular, there is no evidence that either the Freezing Order of 2008 revoked by the British authorities in June 2009 or the rulings of the Amsterdam District Court of 13 October 2008 continue to produce effects and that any liability claims against these Member States can arise from the alleged breaches. Specifically, we are not aware that the Icelandic authorities governing the Landsbanki Islands winding-up proceedings encounter any difficulty in exercising their rights under the Winding Up Directive 2001/24/EC with respect to the bank branches in London and Amsterdam. On the contrary, we have recently noticed an announcement from Landsbanki Islands stating that the recovery process and the sale of the estate assets are successfully proceeding (5).
b) Landsbanki Freezing Order.
As indicated in our letter of 27 July 2011, the Landsbanki Freezing Order 2008 of the UK Treasury was revoked by Statutory Instrument 2009 N. 1392 of 10th June 2009 and any potential incompatibility of its provisions with EEA or EU law has thus been eliminated. With regards to this point, your argumentation in the additional letter is based exclusively on the premise that the UK has wrongfully used the term "terrorism" and its derivatives in applying it to Iceland and Landsbanki. We stress that this in itself, even if assumed to be true, does not lead to violation of the Directive 2001/24/EC or any other EEA or EU law. Consequently, the Commission cannot conduct any legal proceedings against the UK authorities in relation to this Order.
c) Dutch Court rulings.
As explained in our previous letter, it is the Commission's conclusion that the rulings of Dutch Courts and the information provided by you do not indicate a violation of the principle of equivalence or principle of effectiveness that would require the matter to be brought before the ECJ. Your second letter does not provide any additional relevant information that would require further elaboration of our previous conclusions. We therefore confirm that the action by the Dutch authorities does not indicate any infringement of EU law and can therefore not lead to opening of an infringement procedure.
d) FSA Supervisory Notices.
With regards to the FSA Supervisory notices of October 3rd, 6th and 10th, we agree that the first two notices were rescinded by the Notice of Rescission of 20 July 2010. For the reasons elaborated above we conclude that any potential incompatibility of these notices with EU law has been eliminated and cannot lead to opening an infringement procedure.
We fully agree that the Notice of Rescission has expressly left in effect the requirements of the third Supervisory Notice dated 10 October 2008. However, the content of this Notice requires Landsbanki to take certain precautionary measures in consequence of their breach of liquidity requirements. Specifically, these requirements are to "preserve all information and documents", "deal in an open and cooperative way with the [Financial Services Compensation] Scheme" and to "take reasonable steps to ensure that its agents /.../ preserve such information". In our view, these obligations are in no way contrary to the provisions of the Directive 2001/24/EC which relate to the reorganisation process and measures and the opening and winding-up proceedings. On the contrary, these requirements imposed by host Member State (UK) guarantee that potential future decisions of the home Member State (Iceland) will be recognized and given effect in the host Member State as requested by Directive 2001/24/EC (Article 9).
There is no assertion or evidence that these requirements prevent Landsbanki from accessing its assets in the United Kingdom. Furthermore, since the United Kingdom had decided to compensate British depositors of Landsbanki through its own deposit guarantee scheme, it is only natural that it needed to take reasonable measures to ascertain the amount of these deposits which it did in part through the third Supervisory Notice. In our view, such proceeding has not violated any provision of the Directive. Moreover, the Commission has found no other EEA or EU law potentially being infringed by the mentioned notice.
In view of the above, we confirm that the examination of your complaint does not show any infringement of EU law by the British or Dutch authorities and will therefore not lead to opening infringement proceedings. Should you have further elements that might show the existence of an infringement, we would ask you to provide us with these elements within four weeks of the receipt of this letter. In the absence of such elements, your complaint will be closed within this deadline.
Yours faithfully, Nathalie de Basaldśa (1) See case C-72/90 Order of the Court of 23 May 1990, Asia Motor France v Commission of the European Communities and case C- 247/90, Order of the Court of 7 November 1990. Maria-Theresia Emrich v Commission of the European Communities. (2) Case 7/68 Commission v. Italy [1968] ECR423.
(3) E.g. case 247/87 Star Fruit Co. v. Commission [1987] ECR 291-302.
(4) See, inter alia judgements of 27 October 2005, Commission v. Italy, C-525/03, ECR1-9405, point 14, and of 6 December 2007, Commission/Germany, C-456/05, ECR 1-10517, point 15).
(5) News announcement from Landsbanki Islands hf. - Creditors meeting 17.11.2011. ______________________________________________________________________ |
Commission of the European Union a) The affected Community rules can be considered very important. b) Liability claims against the Member State can arise from the breach. c) The ECJ ruling can serve as a preventive measure of repeated occurrence. 6. In the three cases where Britain and the Netherland infringed the jurisdiction of Iceland and breached the EEA agreement these conditions were clearly met. Not only was one of the conditions met but all three of them. Therefore it is in the interest of the future of European Union that the European Court of Justice finds our cases admissible and reaches a factual verdict. The Commission should not shy away from preparing the cases and bringing them to ruling of the Court. Cross-border banking within the European Economic Area. 7. In cross-border banking within the European Economic Area, reorganisation and winding up of branches of credit institutions is under the jurisdiction of the home Member State. This is firmly established in Directive 2001/24/EC. Accordingly, reorganisation and winding up of Landsbanki branches in Britain and the Netherlands belonged to the jurisdiction of Iceland and not the host Member State jurisdiction. Directive 2001/24/EC states: Article 3. Adoption of reorganisation measures - applicable law. 1. The administrative or judicial authorities of the home Member State shall alone be empowered to decide on the implementation of one or more reorganisation measures in a credit institution, including branches established in other Member States. 2. The reorganisation measures shall be applied in accordance with the laws, regulations and procedures applicable in the home Member State, unless otherwise provided in this Directive. Article 9. Opening of winding-up proceedings - Information to be communicated to other competent authorities. 1. The administrative or judicial authorities of the home Member State which are responsible for winding up shall alone be empowered to decide on the opening of winding-up proceedings concerning a credit institution, including branches established in other Member States. A decision to open winding-up proceedings taken by the administrative or judicial authority of the home Member State shall be recognised, without further formality, within the territory of all other Member States and shall be effective there when the decision is effective in the Member State in which the proceedings are opened. Article 10. Law applicable. 1. A credit institution shall be wound up in accordance with the laws, regulations and procedures applicable in its home Member State insofar as this Directive does not provide otherwise. 8. An infringement of EU law by authorities of Britain and the Netherlands is therefore obvious, since the jurisdiction of Iceland was breached by these states. We present three separate cases where the jurisdiction of Iceland was breached and consequently an infringement was done against EU law. The FSA Supervisory Notices of October 2008. 9. On October 3rd, 6th and 10th of the year 2008, the Financial Supervisory Authority (FSA) in Britain issued Supervisory Notices (SN) which effectively put the London branch of Landsbanki into default administration. These Supervisory Notices infringed the jurisdiction of Iceland and were thus illegitimate. They thereby constituted a breach of existing rules of the treaty governing the European Economic Area. 10. On 20th July 2010 the FSA rescinded the Supervisory Notices from October 3rd and 6th but that of 10th October is still in force at this date. Therefore, the General Principle »the existence of an infringement must be determined by reference to the situation prevailing in the Member State at the end of the period laid down in the reasoned opinion« does certainly not apply in this case. The breach by Britain of the jurisdiction of Iceland is still in existence and has not been amended. The HM Treasury freezing orders of October 2008 against Iceland. 11. On October 8th and 20th of the year 2008, HM Treasury of Britain infringed the jurisdiction of Iceland, by issuing Orders called The Landsbanki Freezing Orders (S.I.2008/2668 and S.I.2008/2766) The freezing orders were directed towards: (a) Landsbanki Ķslands, (b) Landsbanki Receivership Committee, (c) Central Bank of Iceland, (d) Icelandic Financial Services Authority, (e) Government of Iceland. The freezing orders were of such enormity that they were directed against the whole Icelandic state and thus the entire Icelandic people. 12. The Freezing orders were based on the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001, which is a law established in wake of the terror attacks on 11th September 2001 (9/11 attacks) against the United States of America. This law is explicitly intended to combat crimes of major proportions against the United Kingdom and specifically to meet the threat of terrorism. A dispute of commercial nature with a single bank does certainly not constitute a threat to be fought off by the use of anti-terrorism legislature. The Freezing Orders were in force until 15th June 2009, or in more than 8 months. 13.The United Nations General Assembly has since 1994 used following political description of terrorism: »Criminal acts intended or calculated to provoke a state of terror in the general public, a group of persons or particular persons for political purposes are in any circumstance unjustifiable, whatever the considerations of a political, philosophical, ideological, racial, ethnic, religious or any other nature that may be invoked to justify them.« This description of terrorism hardly fits any of the institutions hit by the wrath of HM Treasury. 14. Reference is made to the European Council’s Framework Decision of 13th June 2002 on combating terrorism (3), which defines terrorism as described in following points: (a) attacks upon a person's life which may cause death; (b) attacks upon the physical integrity of a person; (c) kidnapping or hostage taking; (d) causing extensive destruction to a Government or public facility, a transport system, an infrastructure facility, including an information system, a fixed platform located on the continental shelf, a public place or private property likely to endanger human life or result in major economic loss; (e) seizure of aircraft, ships or other means of public or goods transport; (f) manufacture, possession, acquisition, transport, supply or use of weapons, explosives or of nuclear, biological or chemical weapons, as well as research into, and development of, biological and chemical weapons; (g) release of dangerous substances, or causing fires, floods or explosions the effect of which is to endanger human life; (h) interfering with or disrupting the supply of water, power or any other fundamental natural resource the effect of which is to endanger human life; (i) threatening to commit any of the acts listed in (a) to (h). 15. One must stretch the imagination very far in order to reconcile the HM Treasury’s view of terrorism with any accepted definitions. Indeed, we maintain that Britain’s decision to brand the Icelandic institutions as seats of terrorism is pure fabrication. It is clearly a violation of internationally accepted human rights and comes nowhere close to internationally accepted definitions of terrorism. The application of Anti-terrorism law by one state of the European Economic Area against another state of EEA, can not be ignored but must be thoroughly investigated by the European Court of Justice. Netherlands’ infringement of the jurisdiction of Iceland. 16. On 13th October 2008 the Amsterdam District Court (Rechtbank Amsterdam) declared emergency regulations applicable to the Dutch branch of Landsbanki. This was done at the request of the Dutch Central Bank (De Nederlandsche Bank) and the ruling was based on Dutch law. The court appointed administrators to handle the affairs of the branch, including all assets and dealings with customers. These rulings infringed the jurisdiction of Iceland and were thus a breach of Directive 2001/24/EC. 17. The illegal administrative proceedings of the Amsterdam Court continued for 18 months, or from October 13th 2008 until 13th March 2010 when the Amsterdam District Court finally decided to lift the emergency application. It took the court this long to discover that the banking license of Landsbanki had not been revoked and that the basis for its ruling was non-existent. It is still to be determined if the ruling was caused by incompetence or deliberate infringement of the jurisdiction of Iceland. Concluding remarks. 18. We have shown that Britain and the Netherlands infringed the jurisdiction of Iceland and thus dishonoured Directive 2001/24/EC. These states breached the EEA principles of “free movement of capital” and “the freedom to provide services”. The breach by Britain of the jurisdiction of Iceland is still in existence and has not been amended. 19. We furthermore maintain that the Netherlands took part with Britain in a conspiracy to deny Iceland access to international financial markets. It is documented that these states have used their access to the International Monetary Fund and the European Investment Bank to illegally deny Iceland financial loans and economic advice. These actions are additional breaches of the EEA principles. 20. We have pointed out that the European Court of Justice is not only concerned with implementation of EU regulations, but is also occupied with basic principles which manifest themselves in following three situations:  The affected Community rules can be considered very important.  Liability claims against the Member State can arise from the breach.  The ECJ ruling can serve as a preventive measure of repeated occurrence. 21. The use by Britain of a law called the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001, against interests of all citizens of Iceland must be investigated by a competent court of law. The European Court of Justice will surely appreciate the opportunity to rule on the legality of such a grievous act by a member state of the European Union. 22. This letter is an addition to our earlier complaint to the Commission, dated 25 June 2011. As stated in our previous letter, we offer our full cooperation with the Commission in order to bring this matter to a satisfactory conclusion. We stress the importance of our complaint to all the citizens of Europe. Citizens of Iceland. Sincerely. Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson Pétur Valdimarsson Laugarįsvegur 4 Lękjarhvammur 20 104 Reykjavķk 220 Hafnarfjöršur Iceland Iceland _____________________________________________________________________ Skrįsett heimilisfang: Laugarįsvegur 4, 104 Reykjavķk - Netföng: hlutverk@simnet.is / thrastalundur@simnet.is |
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS Financial Stability Head ofUnit
Brussels, 27/07/2011 MARKT H4/SS/cr Ares (2011) Mr. Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson Mr. Petur Valdimarsson Laugarįsvegur 4 104 REYKJAVIK Iceland E-mail: hlutverk@simnet.is Subject: Complaint Nr. CHAP(2011) 2011 related to alleged breaches of the EEA Agreement by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. Dear Sirs, I refer to your complaint Nr. CHAP(2011)2011 concerning alleged breaches of the EEA Agreement by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. We have carefully examined the information provided in your letter of 25 June 2011. Our analysis of your complaint based on the relevant EEA and EU law provisions, is the following. The Landsbanki Freezing Order 2008 of the UK Treasury was revoked by Statutory Instrument 2009 N. 1392 of 10th June 2009. Since the contested order has been repealed, any potential incompatibility of its provisions with EEA or EU law has been eliminated. As a consequence, the Commission cannot conduct any legal proceedings against the UK authorities in relation to this Order. It's important to recall that according to settled case- law of the Court of Justice, the Commission, in exercising its powers of monitoring compliance with EU law, has the function, in the general interest of the Union, of ensuring that the Member States give effect to the Treaty and the provisions adopted by the institutions and of obtaining a declaration, of any failure to fulfil the obligations deriving therefrom with a view to bringing it to an end. The Court has thus clarified that the existence of an infringement must be determined by reference to the situation prevailing in the Member State at the end of the period laid down in the reasoned opinion (see, inter alia judgements of 27 October 2005, Commission/Italy, C-525/03, ECR 1-9405, point 14, and of 6 December 2007, Commission/Germany, C-456/05, ECR 1-10517, point 15). It is therefore outside the Commission's remit to verify a situation that does no longer exist. As regards the ruling of the Amsterdam District Court referred by you, we would point out that according to settled-case law, it is for the domestic legal system of each Member State to designate the courts and tribunals having jurisdiction and to lay down the detailed procedural rules governing actions for safeguarding rights which individuals derive from EU law, provided, first, that such rules are not less favourable than those governing similar domestic actions (principle of equivalence) and, secondly, that they do not render virtually impossible or excessively difficult the exercise of rights conferred by Community law (principle of effectiveness) (see case C 129/00 Commission /Italy, ECR 1-14637, point 25). The information provide by you do not show any violation of these principles in connection with the ruling of the Amsterdam Court quoted by you. In view of the above, we regret to inform you that the examination of your complaint does not show any infringement of EU law by the British or Dutch authorities and will therefore not lead to opening infringement proceedings. Should you have further elements that might show the existence of an infringement, we would ask you to provide us with these elements within two months of the receipt of the present letter. In the absence of such elements, your complaint will be closed within this deadline. Yours sincerely, Silvia SCATIZZI ______________________________________________________________________ |
_____________________________________________________________________ Skrįsett heimilisfang: Laugarįsvegur 4, 104 Reykjavķk - Netföng: hlutverk@simnet.is / thrastalundur@simnet.is |
14.2.2012 | 23:43
Third letter of complaint to the Commission of the European Union
Commission of the European Union Your: MARKT H4/SS/ms Ares(2011)s- 1367350 Reykjavķk, 18. December 2011
Dear Ms. Nathalie de Basaldśa. We wish to thank for the letter from the EU Commission dated 24th November 2011. Having carefully examined your arguments on behalf of the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, we wish to submit following additional remarks regarding our complaint. 1. We understand the political motivation behind your arguments, leading to refusal to acknowledge that the accused states breached Iceland’s sovereignty, infringed the EEA Agreement, violated international human rights, broke an EU agreement with Iceland and waged an economic warfare against a NATO founding member.
The Brussels Agreement from 14 November 2008. 2. The Brussels Agreement between Iceland and the European Union is a legally valid document, done on a ministerial level. You are right that the Agreement is of a high level “political nature” which just makes its content more important and completely undisputable. The document is an International Agreement done in accordance with Public International Law. 3. The Commission has not produced any evidence which should hinder the European Court of Justice to acknowledge the factual importance of the Brussels Agreement. The Agreement proves that all parties involved accepted that Iceland’s “unprecedented difficult situation” called for unprecedented assistance by the European Union, as well as the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. 4. Because of the “unprecedented difficult situation” of Iceland the European Union promised to “continue to be involved and consulted”. Furthermore, the European Union as well as the United Kingdom and the Netherlands promised to provide necessary help “concerning financial assistance for Iceland, including the IMF.” The exact wording of the Agreement is as follows: The acceptance by all parties of this legal situation will allow for the expeditious finalization of negotiations underway concerning financial assistance for Iceland, including the IMF. These negotiations shall be conducted in a coordinated and consistent way, and shall take into account the “unprecedented difficult situation” of Iceland and therefore the necessity of finding arrangements that allow Iceland to restore its financial system and its economy. The EU and the EEA Institutions will continue to be involved and consulted on this process. 5. Further prove can be given, that the Brussels Agreement was of a high level political nature as well as constituting a legal document under Public International Law. We wish to advice, that on 05 December 2008 the Alžingi (Legislative Assembly of Iceland) passed a resolution based on the Brussels Agreement, stating Alžingi’s legal position towards the Icesave claims of the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. Furthermore, the financial arrangements made by Iceland at the end of the year 2008 with the International Monetary Fund were based on the Brussels Agreement. The fact that these important and high profile actions rest on the Brussels Agreement make it abundantly clear that the Agreement was far from being “purely of a political nature” , as your statement says. 6. It can be firmly stated that the “general principles” of the European Court of Justice do not apply to the “unprecedented difficult situation” of Iceland. There exists no doubt that the Brussels Agreement proves that our cases against the United Kingdom and the Netherlands are worthy of deliberations by the European Court. One way or the other, our cases will be dealt with by the court. Discretion of the European Court of Justice. 7. We appreciate that you confirm our understanding, that the Icelandic state can on its own undertake action against the guilty states of the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, under Article 259 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). This will undoubtedly be done, once the country is out of the current “unprecedented difficult situation”. In the meantime, we as individuals insist on freely exercising our human rights of having our three cases tried before the European Court of Justice and for that purpose refer to Article 258 of TFEU. 8. The European Court of Justice has repeatedly expressed: “In accordance with its case-law, the Court may of its own motion examine whether the conditions laid down in Article 226 (169) EC for bringing an action for failure to fulfil obligations are satisfied.” Examples:
9. (a) Liability claims against the United Kingdom and the Netherlands will arise from the breaches of these states against Iceland. The enormous damage done to Iceland by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands is in the order of IKR.10.000.000.000.000. This equals about EUR.200.000 per person living in Iceland. One of the consequences of the crimes done by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands is massive emigration from Iceland. Since 2008, yearly emigration from Iceland equals all births in the country. This would equal 10.000.000 people emigrating from the European Union over a three years period. 10. (b) The affected European Community rules involved in our cases are very important. The accused states breached Iceland’s sovereignty, infringed the EEA Agreement, violated international human rights, broke an EU agreement with Iceland (Brussels Agreement) and waged an economic warfare against a NATO founding member. If this list of crimes is not enough for deliberations by the European Court of Justice, the Court should be abolished immediately. 11.(c) A ruling by the European Court of Justice, against the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, will serve as a preventive measure of repeated occurrence. These states will continue their colonial behaviour unless they receive the punishment which they deserve for their grave infringements of human rights. These states have for hundreds of years used force against Iceland, not to mention all other peoples which they have harassed. If these powers are not stopped they will be encouraged by the leniency. Concluding remarks. 12.In view of the proofs that we have provided, it should not be too difficult for the Commission to do a genuine investigation of our cases against the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. We refer to our previous letters, whose content does not need to be repeated. We remind that if the Commission is not convinced of the atrocities committed by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, it should consult with the official sources in Iceland, mentioned previously. 13. Summing up our arguments, we accuse the United Kingdom and the Netherlands of:
Refusing to acknowledge these facts will only add to the widespread disillusion amongst the people of Europe about the future of the European Union. Citizens of Iceland. Sincerely. Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson Pétur Valdimarsson Laugarįsvegur 4 Lękjarhvammur 20 104 Reykjavķk 220 Hafnarfjöršur Iceland Iceland _____________________________________________________________________ Skrįsett heimilisfang: Laugarįsvegur 4, 104 Reykjavķk - Netföng: hlutverk@simnet.is / thrastalundur@simnet.is ______________________________________________________________________ |
14.2.2012 | 11:52
Tilraun stórveldis til ęvarandi yfirrįša yfir Ķslandi – fyrir 100 įrum !
Tilraun stórveldis til ęvarandi yfirrįša yfir Ķslandi - fyrir 100 įrum ! Žegar Frišrik VIII Danakonungur kom til Ķslands 1907 skipaši hann valdamenn ķ nefnd til aš semja sambandslög, sem tryggja myndu völd Danmerkur til frambśšar yfir Ķslandi. Sambandsnefndin var skipuš žingmönnum beggja landa og skilaši 14. maķ 1908 uppkasti aš lögum um rķkisréttar-samband Danmerkur og Ķslands. Almennt gengur žessi tillaga undir nafninu Uppkastiš.
Sambandslaganefndin 1907 – 1908.
Um Uppkastiš var fullkomin samstaša innan Sambandsnefndarinnar, nema hvaš Skśli Thoroddsen hafnaši žvķ alfariš. Fulltrśar Ķslendinga žóttust hafa sżnt mikla snilld viš samningana og nįš glęsilegum įrangri, meš žvķ aš samžykkja aš grundvallaratriši samningsins yršu óuppsegjanleg. Žar meš yrši tryggt aš yfirrįš Danmerkur yršu ęvarandi, nema til kęmi vopnuš uppreisn gegn hinu erlenda stórveldi. Žegar Uppkastiš var birt Ķslendingum kom ķ ljós eindregin andstaša landsmanna. Kjölturökkum Danaveldis tókst ekki aš telja Ķslendingum trś um aš Uppkastiš vęri glęsilegt samkomulag. Stušningsmönnum Uppkastsins var hafnaš ķ Alžingiskosningum haustiš 1908, meš afgerandi hętti. Nęr 60% kjósenda kusu frambjóšendur sem höfnušu Uppkastinu. Af 34 žjóškjörnum žingmönnum į Alžingi voru 24 andvķgir Uppkastinu eftir kosningar. Žegar žing kom saman samžykkti žaš vantraust į Hannes Hafstein rįšherra konungs og völdu sinn eigin rįšherra, Björn Jónsson ritstjóra. Hefur nokkuš breytst į 100 įrum ? Koma ekki Icesave-samningarnir upp ķ huga lesenda ? Ennžį eru kjölturakkar erlends valds aš störfum viš valdastofnanir landsins. Ennžį gerir žetta fólk “glęsilega samninga” fyrir hönd žjóšarinnar, en almenningur afžakkar viš fyrsta tękifęri. Mikinn lęrdóm mį draga af gerš Uppkastsins og žeim móttökum sem žaš fekk hjį žjóšinni. Hęttum samningagerš viš Evrópusambandiš um innlimum landsins og drögum okkur śt śr Evrópska efnahagssvęšinu. Raunar er Evrópusambandiš bśiš aš segja upp samningnum um EES, meš žvķ aš neita Ķslandi um aš reka sķn mįl gegn nżlenduveldunum fyrir Evrópudómstólnum. Réttarfarslegar stošir Evrópska efnahagssvęšisins eru brostnar. Žar aš auki hefur utanrķkisrįšherra landsins Össur Skarphéšinsson gefiš yfirlżsingu um aš Stjórnarskrįin sé daglega brotin meš EES-samningnum. Rįšherranum er sjįlfsagt ljóst aš brot į Stjórnarskrįnni eru landrįš. Samningurinn um Evrópska efnahagssvęšiš er ekki lengur ķ gildi. Um samskipti Ķslands og Evrópusambandsins gildir žvķ frķverzlunarsamningur landanna, frį 1972. Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson. ---<<<>>>------<<<>>>------<<<>>>------<<<>>>------<<<>>>------<<<>>>------<<<>>>---
Uppkast aš lögum
um
rķkisréttarsamband Danmerkur og Ķslands.
14. maķ 1908.
2. gr. Skipun sś er gildir ķ Danmörku um rķkiserfšir, rjett konungs til aš hafa stjórn į hendi ķ öšrum löndum, trśarbrögš konungs, myndugleika hans og um rķkisstjórn, er konungur er ófullvešja, sjśkur, eša fjarstaddur, svo og um žaš, er konungdómurinn er laus og enginn rķkisarfi til, skal einnig gilda aš žvķ er til Ķslands kemur. 3. gr. Žessi eru sameiginleg mįl Danmerkur og Ķslands:
4. gr. Öšrum mįlefnum, sem taka bęši til Danmerkur og Ķslands, svo sem póstsambandiš og ritsķmasambandiš milli landanna, rįša dönsk og ķslendsk stjórnarvöld ķ sameiningu. Sje um löggjafarmįl aš ręša, žį gera löggjafarvöld beggja landa śt um mįliš. 5. gr. Danir og Ķslendingar į Ķslandi og Ķslendingar og Danir ķ Danmörku njóta fulls jafnrjettis. Žó skulu forrjettindi ķslendskra nįmsmanna til hlunninda viš Kaupmannahafnar hįskóla óbreytt. Svo skulu og heimilisfastir Ķslendingar į Ķslandi hjer eftir sem hingaš til vera undanžegnir heržjónustu į sjó og landi. Um fiskiveišar ķ landhelgi viš Danmörku og Ķsland skulu Danir og Ķslendingar jafn rjetthįir mešan 4. atr. 3. gr. er ķ gildi. 6. gr. Žangaš til öšru vķsi veršur įkvešiš meš lögum, er rķkisžing og alžingi setja og konungur stašfestir, fara dönsk stjórnarvöld einnig fyrir hönd Ķslands meš mįl žau sem eru sameiginleg samkv. 3. gr. Aš öšru leyti ręšur hvort landiš (um sig) aš fullu öllum sķnum mįlum. 7. gr. Mešan Ķsland tekur engan žįtt ķ mešferš hinna sameiginlegu mįla, tekur žaš heldur ekki žįtt ķ kostnaši viš žau. Žó leggur Ķsland fje į konungsborš og til boršfjįr konungs-ęttmenna hlutfallslega eftir tekjum Danmerkur og Ķslands. Framlög žessi skulu įkvešin fyrir fram um 10 įr ķ senn meš konungsśrskurši, er forsętisrįšherra Dana og rįšherra Ķslands undirskrifa. Rķkissjóšur Danmerkur greišir landssjóši Ķslands ķ eitt skifti fyrir öll 1 miljón og 500 žśs. kr., og eru žį jafnframt öll skuldaskifti, sem veriš hafa aš undanförnu milli Danmerkur og Ķslands, fullkomlega į enda kljįš. 8. gr. Nś rķs įgreiningur um žaš, hvort mįlefni sje sameiginleg eša eigi, og skulu žį stjórnir beggja landanna reyna aš jafna hann meš sjer. Takist žaš eigi, skal leggja mįliš ķ gerš til fullnašarśrslita. Geršardóminn skipa 4 menn, er konungur kvešur til, 2 eftir tillögu rķkisžingsins (sinn śr hvorri žingdeild) og 2 eftir tillögu alžingis. Geršarmennirnir velja sjįlfir oddamann. Verši geršarmenn ekki į eitt sįttir um kosningu oddamannsins, er dómsforseti hęstarjettar sjįlfkjörinn oddamašur. 9. gr. Rķkisžing og alžingi geta hvort um sig krafist endurskošunar į lögum žessum, žegar lišin eru 25 įr frį žvķ er lögin gengu ķ gildi. Leiši endurskošunin ekki til nżs sįttmįla innan 3ja įra frį žvķ aš endurskošunar var krafist, mį heimta endurskošun aš nżju į sama hįtt og įšur, aš 5 įrum lišnum frį žvķ er nefndur žriggja įra frestur er į enda. Nś tekst ekki aš koma į samkomulagi mešal löggjafarvalda beggja landa innan tveggja įra frį žvķ er endurskošunar var krafist ķ annaš sinn, og įkvešur konungur žį meš tveggja įra fyrirvara, eftir tillögu um žaš frį rķkisžingi eša alžingi, aš sambandinu um sameiginleg mįl, žau er ręšir um ķ 4., 5., 6. og 8. töluliš 3. gr., skuli vera slitiš aš nokkru eša öllu leyti.
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11.2.2012 | 18:01
Framkvęmdastjórn ESB žiggur rįšgjöf hjį rķkisstjórn Ķslands
Framkvęmdastjórn ESB žiggur rįšgjöf hjį rķkisstjórn Ķslands.
Fram aš žessu hafa samskiptin viš Framkvęmdastjórnina aš mestu veriš į mįlefnalegum nótum. Viš höfum flutt mįlstaš Ķslands ķ žremur bréfum, į samtals 14 blašsķšum. Framkvęmdastjórnin hefur tekiš sér góšan tķma til aš svara erindunum - einn til tvo mįnuši hverju sinni og svaraš efnislega, žótt frį upphafi hafi veriš ljóst aš ętlunin var aš hafna erindi okkar.
Nś bregšur svo viš, aš ķ sķšasta bréfi Framkvęmdastjórnarinnar er ekki reynt aš svara meš efnislegum rökum, heldur berst okkur nś stuttorš neitun. Viš vitum aš viš höfum kvešiš Framkvęmdastjórnina ķ kśtinn, meš sterkum rökum. Engar efnislegar forsendur eru fyrir aš neita kröfu okkar um rannsókn og įkęrum fyrir Evrópudómstólnum. Hvaš hefur žį breyzt hjį Framkvęmdastjórninni, sem veldur žvķ aš engar įstęšur eru tilgreinar ķ bréfi hennar og aš rök okkar ķ sķšasta bréfi hljóta enga umfjöllun ?
Fyrir liggja upplżsingar um aš Framkvęmdastjórnin hefur veriš ķ sambandi viš utanrķkis-rįšherra Össur Skarphéšinsson um kęrur okkar. Afstaša žessa Ķslendska rįšherra er okkur einnig kunn. Hann rįšlagši Framkvęmda-stjórninni aš hafna kröfu Ķslands um rétta mįlsmešferš, sem er ķ fullu samręmi viš samninginn um Evrópska efnahagssvęšiš. Rįšgjöf rįšherrans var į žį leiš aš žaš žjónaši hagsmunum Evrópusambandsins bezt aš svara kęrunni meš žögninni einni, eins og rķkisstjórn Ķslands bregzt viš öllum fyrirspurnum sem til hennar er beint. Framkvęmdastjórn ESB hefur žegiš rįš Össurar Skarphéšinssonar og fylgt hįttum rķkisstjórnar Ķslands.
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EUROPEAN COMMISSION Financial Stability Head ofUnit Brussels, 10.02.2012 MARKT H4/SS/ms Ares (2012)s-163283 Mr. Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson Mr. Pétur Valdimarsson Laugarįsvegur 4 104 Reykjavķk Iceland E-mail: hlutverk@simnet.is Subject: Complaint Nr. CHAP(2011) 2011 related to alleged breaches of the EEA Agreement by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. Dear Sirs, Thank you for your letter of 20 December 2011. In this letter you come back with the same issues that have already been dealt with in previous correspondence with this service. As indicated to you in our letters of 27.07.2011 and 24.11.2011, the factual and legal circumstances described by you do not show any infringement of EU law by the British or Dutch authorities that would justify a Commission's action pursuant to Article 258 of the TFEU. I therefore confirm that your complaint Nr. CHAP(2011)2011 has been closed.
Yours faithfully, Nathalie de Basaldśa Contact: Silvia Scatizzi, Telephone: +32 229 60 881, silvia.scatizzi@ec.europa.eu
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11.2.2012 | 11:24
Christian IX: Kundgjörelse angaaende Forfatningslov for Island.
Christian IX: Kundgjörelse angaaende Forfatningslov for Island. ---<<<>>>--- Hafši Christian IX »fri Magtfuldkommenhed« ? ---<<<>>>--- Allerhöjeste Kundgjörelse til Islęnderne angaaende Udstedelsen af en Forfatningslov for Islands sęrlige Anliggender. Vi Christian den Niende &c. G.V. [et cetera Gjöre Vitterligt]: Vi have herefter paany ladet den islandske Forfatningssag blive Gjenstand for den nöjeste Overvejelse, og som Frugten heraf have Vi paa en af Aarets förste Dage med Vort Kgl. Navn beseglet en Forfatningslov for Islands sęrlige Anliggender, i det Vęsentlige bygget paa det Althinget i Aaret 1871 forelagte Forfatningslovforslag, men med sęrlig Hensynstagen til de i Althingets foranförte Petition fremhęvede Indstillingspunkter. Idet Vi kundgjöre dette for Vore tro og kjęre Undersaatter paa Island, föle Vi Trang til at udtale Vor allerh. Tilfredshed med, at det islandske Forfatningsvęrk, hvorpaa der saalęnge har vęret arbeidet, saaledes nu er bragt til en endelig Afslutning, og tillage Vor Paaskjönnelse og Tak for den Tillid, som Landets Repręsentation har vist Os ved paa den anförte Maade at betro den endelige Ordning af denne vigtige Sag til Vor Forsorg. Det er Vort Haab, at den Gave, Vi saaledes af »fri Magtfuldkommenhed« have skjęnket Island, vil af Vore tro Islęndere blive modtaget med det same Sindelag, hvoraf den har sit Udspring, og at det vil erkjendes ikke blot, at der ved Forfatningslovens Udarbeidelse er bleven taget det störst mulige Hensyn til de fra Island fremkomne Önsker, saavidt som de have kunnet forenes med Opretholdelsen af den bestaaende Statsorden og med Nödvendigheden af, at den heromhandlede Lov fremtręder i en Form, der svarer til dens Vęsen som en endelig Forfatningslov, men at der ved Forfatningens Indhold overhovedet er indrömmet Vore kjęre Undersaatter paa Island et saadant Maal af Frihed og politiske Rettigheder, at Betingelserne for en kraftig og heldbringende Udvikling af Landets aandelige og materielle Kręfter derved ere tilvejebragte. For at imidlertid den Sęd, der er nedlagt i Forfatningen, kan komme til at bęre Frugt, er det nödvendigt, at Folk og Regjering slutte sig sammen, for i Endręgtighed at arbeide hen til det fęlles Maal, Landets Fremgang og Velvęre, og Vi stole trygt paa, at Vore tro Islęndere ved en forstandig Brug af den dem skjęnkede Frihed ville understötte Vore Bestrębelser, for at dette Maal kan blive naaet. Sęrlig tilfredsstillende har det derhos vęret Os, at Fuldbyrdelsen af den her omhandlede vigtige Akt overensstemmende med Althingets Önske har kunnet finde Sted netop i det Aar, da Erindringen igjennem et Tidsrum af 1000 Aar föres tilbage til Islands förste Bebyggelse og dermed til Begyndelsen af et Folkeliv, der sęrlig ved Bevaringen af Forfędrenes Sprog og den historiske Ihukommelse af deres Idręt har havt saa stor Betydning for hele Norden. Idet Vi i Anledning af den forestaaende Höjtidelighed sende alle Vore tro og kjęre Undersaatter paa Island Vor Hilsen og Vore bedste Önsker om Held og Lykke for Landets Fremtid, knytte Vi dertil Haabet om, at det Vendepunkt i de islandske Forfatningsforhold, som nu vil indtręde, ogsaa engang maa i Historien blive betegnet som en betydningsfuld og velsignelsesrig Begivenhed for Island. Givet paa Amalienborg den 14. Februar 1874. Under Vor Kongelige Haand og Segl. CHRISTIAN R. (L. S.)
(L.S. = Locus Sigilli = stašur innsiglis) >>><<< |
10.2.2012 | 12:50
Fundarboš »SAMSTÖŠU ŽJÓŠAR« 11. febrśar 2012
Fundarboš »SAMSTÖŠU ŽJÓŠAR« 11. febrśar 2012 Laugardaginn 11. ž.m. kl 14.00 ķ Perlunni Hinn 28. janśar 2011 voru stofnuš grasrótar-samtökin »SAMSTAŠA ŽJÓŠAR gegn ICESAVE«. Hafin var barįtta gegn lagasetningu um forsendulausa skattlagningu. Ętlun rķkisstjórnarinnar var aš lįta Ķslendskan almenning greiša ólögvaršar kröfur Breta og Hollendinga. »SAMSTAŠA«. vann aš žvķ aš safna undirskriftum landsmanna aš įskorun til forseta landsins um aš haldiš yrši žjóšaratkvęši um Icesave-III-lögin. Sķšan tók viš žaš starf aš śtskżra fyrir almenningi naušsyn žess aš fella lögin ķ žjóšaratkvęšinu 09. aprķl 2011. Žegar sigur ķ žjóšaratkvęšinu var ķ höfn, var įkvešiš aš žinglżsa félaginu »SAMSTAŠA ŽJÓŠAR«. Žinglżsing félagsins og žessa gęfurķka nafns hafši oft veriš rędd į fundum samtakanna en ekki oršiš af framkvęmd fyrr en nęši skapašist til žess um mitt įr 2011. Skrįning félagsins var gerš 13. jślķ 2011. Žinglżsingin var gerš til žess aš félagiš »SAMSTAŠA ŽJÓŠAR« vęri tiltękt til varnar margvķslegum óhęfuverkum gegn žjóšinni. Formlegt félag er af mörgum įstęšum naušsynlegt, til aš standa fyrir langvarandi hugsjónabarįttu ķ žįgu žjóšarinnar. Barįttumįlin sem liggja fyrir eru mikilvęg og įkveša žarf hvernig starfiš veršur skipulagt:
Góšir félagar viš höfum žegar unniš góša sigra og megum ekki lįta žreytu eša uppgjöf stöšva okkur. Mętum į fundinn laugardaginn 11. ž.m. kl 14.00 ķ „Perlunni“ til žess aš ręša žessi mįl. Allir stušningsmenn eru velkomnir. Meš barįttu kvešjum ! Stjórn »SAMSTÖŠU ŽJÓŠAR«
Barįtta fyrir sjįlfstęšu rķki į Ķslandi. Barįtta fyrir fullveldisréttindum almennings. Stöndum vörš um Stjórnarskrį Lżšveldisins. >>><<< |
8.2.2012 | 23:17
Undirlęgjuhįttur fyrir erlendu valdi og framandi hugmyndafręši.
Undirlęgjuhįttur fyrir erlendu valdi og framandi hugmyndafręši. Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson. Hver vetrar-stormurinn af öšrum gengur yfir landiš, en góšar vonir standa til aš žeir muni ganga hjį og valda landi og žjóšlķfi litlum skaša. Hęgt er aš horfa til hękkandi Sólar og vona aš smįdżr landsins, svo sem fuglar og kanķnur muni žrauka erfiša tķš sem dżrategundir, žótt margir einstaklingar falli ķ valinn.
Einn er žó sį vetrar-stormur sem ekki eru horfur aš muni hjašna og nefnist hann: Undirlęgjuhįttur fyrir erlendu valdi og framandi hugmyndafręši. Allt frį upphafi byggšar Ķslands hafa fyrirfundist ķ landinu einstaklingar sem ekkert vita sęlla en žjóna erlendum herrum og framandi hugmyndum. Į sķšustu įratugum hefur žetta ógęfufólk rottaš sig saman ķ Alžżšuflokki og sķšar Samfylkingu.
Į sķšustu įrum hafa hins vegar žjóšhollir Ķslendingar heldst įtt sér skjól ķ félögum sem boriš hafa nafniš Samstaša. Žannig var Samstaša um óhįš Ķsland stofnaš 29. įgśst 1991 og var markmiš félagsins aš berjast gegn ašild Ķslands aš Evrópska efnahagssvęšinu (EES) og gegn innlimun landsins ķ Evrópusambandiš (ESB). Žrįtt fyrir aš ekki tękist aš hindra ašild Ķslands aš EES-samningnum, lifši barįttuandinn įfram og stofnun Heimssżnar 27. jśnķ 2002 var framhald Samstöšu um óhįš Ķsland.
Til Samstöšu žjóšar gegn Icesave var stofnaš 28. janśar 2011, sem óformlegra grasrótarsamtaka. Eftir stóra sigra ķ barįttunni gegn Icesave-kröfum nżlenduveldanna, var 13. jślķ 2011 stofnaš skrįsett félag undir nafninu Samstaša žjóšar. Tilgangur žess er aš halda uppi merkinu gegn Icesave-kröfunum, sem Icesave-stjórnin ętlar aš halda til streitu og almennt aš berjast fyrir stjórnskipulegum hagsmunum žjóšarinnar.
Nś bregšur svo viš aš stofnašur hefur veriš stjórnmįlaflokkur undir nafninu Samstaša – flokkur lżšręšis- og velferšar, įn heimildar frį skrįsettum handhöfum samstöšu-nafnsins. Stefna žessa stjórnmįlaflokks er einnig ķ hróplegri andstöšu viš stefnu Samstöšu žjóšar, žvķ aš eftirfarandi mįlsgrein er ķ stefnuskrįnni:
Žessi afstaša er óskiljanleg žeim sem hlśa vilja aš sjįlfstęšu rķki į Ķslandi. Okkar krafa er afdrįttarlaus um aš ašlögun Ķslendska stjórnkerfisins aš hįttum Evrópusambandsins verši tafarlaust hętt. Samstaša žjóšar getur žvķ ekki tekiš neinn žįtt ķ hinu nżgja framboši, žótt vafalaust megi finna eitthvaš nżtilegt ķ stefnu žess.
Til Samstöšu žjóšar gegn Icesave var stofnaš 28. janśar 2011, sem óformlegra grasrótarsamtaka. Eftir stóra sigra ķ barįttunni gegn Icesave-kröfum nżlenduveldanna, var 13. jślķ 2011 stofnaš skrįsett félag undir nafninu Samstaša žjóšar. >>><<< |
7.2.2012 | 23:58
Forget global warming - nęrsta kuldaskeiš er įhyggjuefniš
Lķfsandinn (CO2) var ekki orsök hlżnunar. Nęrsta kuldaskeiš er įhyggjuefni.
The supposed ‘consensus’ on man-made global warming is facing an inconvenient challenge after the release of new temperature data showing the planet has not warmed for the past 15 years. The figures suggest that we could even be heading for a mini ice age to rival the 70-year temperature drop that saw frost fairs held on the Thames in the 17th Century. Based on readings from more than 30,000 measuring stations, the data was issued last week without fanfare by the Met Office and the University of East Anglia Climatic Research Unit. It confirms that the rising trend in world temperatures ended in 1997.
 A painting, dated 1684, by Abraham Hondius depicts one of many frost fairs on the River Thames during the mini ice age. Meanwhile, leading climate scientists yesterday told The Mail on Sunday that, after emitting unusually high levels of energy throughout the 20th Century, the sun is now heading towards a ‘grand minimum’ in its output, threatening cold summers, bitter winters and a shortening of the season available for growing food. Solar output goes through 11-year cycles, with high numbers of sunspots seen at their peak. We are now at what should be the peak of what scientists call ‘Cycle 24’ – which is why last week’s solar storm resulted in sightings of the aurora borealis further south than usual. But sunspot numbers are running at less than half those seen during cycle peaks in the 20th Century. Analysis by experts at NASA and the University of Arizona – derived from magnetic-field measurements 120,000 miles beneath the sun’s surface – suggest that Cycle 25, whose peak is due in 2022, will be a great deal weaker still. However, it is also possible that the new solar energy slump could be as deep as the ‘Maunder minimum’ (after astronomer Edward Maunder), between 1645 and 1715 in the coldest part of the ‘Little Ice Age’ when, as well as the Thames frost fairs, the canals of Holland froze solid.
Yet, in its paper, the Met Office claimed that the consequences now would be negligible – because the impact of the sun on climate is far less than man-made carbon dioxide. Although the sun’s output is likely to decrease until 2100, ‘This would only cause a reduction in global temperatures of 0.08C.’ Peter Stott, one of the authors, said: ‘Our findings suggest a reduction of solar activity to levels not seen in hundreds of years would be insufficient to offset the dominant influence of greenhouse gases.’ These findings are fiercely disputed by other solar experts. ‘World temperatures may end up a lot cooler than now for 50 years or more,’ said Henrik Svensmark, director of the Center for Sun-Climate Research at Denmark’s National Space Institute. ‘It will take a long battle to convince some climate scientists that the sun is important. It may well be that the sun is going to demonstrate this on its own, without the need for their help.’ He pointed out that, in claiming the effect of the solar minimum would be small, the Met Office was relying on the same computer models that are being undermined by the current pause in global-warming. CO2 levels have continued to rise without interruption and, in 2007, the Met Office claimed that global warming was about to ‘come roaring back’. It said that between 2004 and 2014 there would be an overall increase of 0.3C. In 2009, it predicted that at least three of the years 2009 to 2014 would break the previous temperature record set in 1998.
So far there is no sign of any of this happening. But yesterday a Met Office spokesman insisted its models were still valid. ‘The ten-year projection remains groundbreaking science. The period for the original projection is not over yet,’ he said. Dr Nicola Scafetta, of Duke University in North Carolina, is the author of several papers that argue the Met Office climate models show there should have been ‘steady warming from 2000 until now’. ‘If temperatures continue to stay flat or start to cool again, the divergence between the models and recorded data will eventually become so great that the whole scientific community will question the current theories,’ he said. He believes that as the Met Office model attaches much greater significance to CO2 than to the sun, it was bound to conclude that there would not be cooling. ‘The real issue is whether the model itself is accurate,’ Dr Scafetta said. Meanwhile, one of America’s most eminent climate experts, Professor Judith Curry of the Georgia Institute of Technology, said she found the Met Office’s confident prediction of a ‘negligible’ impact difficult to understand. ‘The responsible thing to do would be to accept the fact that the models may have severe shortcomings when it comes to the influence of the sun,’ said Professor Curry. As for the warming pause, she said that many scientists ‘are not surprised’.
She argued it is becoming evident that factors other than CO2 play an important role in rising or falling warmth, such as the 60-year water temperature cycles in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. ‘They have insufficiently been appreciated in terms of global climate,’ said Prof Curry. When both oceans were cold in the past, such as from 1940 to 1970, the climate cooled. The Pacific cycle ‘flipped’ back from warm to cold mode in 2008 and the Atlantic is also thought likely to flip in the next few years. Pal Brekke, senior adviser at the Norwegian Space Centre, said some scientists found the importance of water cycles difficult to accept, because doing so means admitting that the oceans – not CO2 – caused much of the global warming between 1970 and 1997. The same goes for the impact of the sun – which was highly active for much of the 20th Century. ‘Nature is about to carry out a very interesting experiment,’ he said. ‘Ten or 15 years from now, we will be able to determine much better whether the warming of the late 20th Century really was caused by man-made CO2, or by natural variability.’ Meanwhile, since the end of last year, world temperatures have fallen by more than half a degree, as the cold ‘La Nina’ effect has re-emerged in the South Pacific. ‘We’re now well into the second decade of the pause,’ said Benny Peiser, director of the Global Warming Policy Foundation. ‘If we don’t see convincing evidence of global warming by 2015, it will start to become clear whether the models are bunk. And, if they are, the implications for some scientists could be very serious.’ Greinin er eftir David Rose og fengin hjį Mail Online: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2093264/Forget-global-warming--Cycle-25-need-worry-NASA-scientists-right-Thames-freezing-again.html#ixzz1l7ew4kO0
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Christian IX »gaf« Ķslendingum stjórnarskrį af sķnu »frjįlsa fullveldi« Allt frį žvķ aš Christian IX konungur af Danmörku “gaf” Ķslendingum stjórnarskrį 05. Janśar 1874, hefur oršiš “fullveldi” veriš fyrirferšamikiš ķ umręšu um stjórnskipun landsins. Aš žvķ er ég bezt veit kemur “fullveldi” fyrst fyrir ķ ritušum heimildum sķšar žetta sama įr, en žaš er aš finna ķ auglżsingu sem konungur sendi frį sér af tilefni “gjafar” stjórnarskrįrinnar.
Ķ auglżsingu konungs er talaš um »frjįlst fullveldi« sem vęntanlega merkir “algjört fullveldi” sem er óžörf endurtekning į žeirri stašreynd aš fullveldi er óskiptanlegt og er žvķ įvallt aš öllu leyti ķ höndum eins ašila, til dęmis konungs, hóps höfšingja eša almennings. Hins vegar geta fullveldisréttindi legiš vķša, en fullveldishafinn einn getur įkvešiš hvaša stjórnarfarslega fyrirkomulag er višhaft. Fyrirkomulagiš ręšst oftast af žvķ sem fullveldishafanum žykir hagkvęmt.
Ķ lżšveldi fer lżšurinn/almenningur meš fullveldiš (sem į ensku nefnist sovereign power). Žetta merkir aš allt stjórnskipulegt vald į Ķslandi er ķ höndum almennings, žar į mešal löggjafarvaldiš. Ekki er hagkvęmt aš žjóšaratkvęši fari fram um öll lagafrumvörp og žvķ er forsetanum – umbošsmanni almennings – fališ aš undirrita lagafrumvörp. Ef forsetinn veršur žess įskynja aš almenningur er ekki sįttur viš lagafrumvarp, žį ber honum aš vķsa žvķ ķ žjóšaratkvęši, ķ samręmi viš 26. grein Stjórnarskrįrinnar.
Hugtakiš »fullveldi« er žvķ einfalt og skżrt, nema ķ mįlflutningi žeirra sem reyna aš villa um fyrir fólki og telja mönnum trś um aš stjórnarfar ķ landinu sé annaš en Stjórnarskrįin stašfestir. Fremstir ķ flokki žeirra sem vilja afnema lżšveldi sem stjórnarfar į Ķslandi eru svo nefndir žingręšissinnar. Žeir vilja koma į höfšingjaveldi og hefur oršiš nokkuš įgengt viš aš sölsa undir sig vald, ķ trįssi viš afdrįttarlaus įkvęši Stjórnarskrįrinnar.
Fyrrnefnda auglżsingu, sem Christian IX birti ķ dagblöšum landsins į įrinu 1874, getur aš lķta hér fyrir nešan.
Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson.
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KONUNGLEG AUGLŻSING TIL ĶSLENDINGA.
Vér Christian hinn Nķundi...gjörum kunnugt: Alžingi, sem saman kom įriš, sem leiš, hefir ķ žegnlegu įvarpi til Vor fariš žess į leit, aš Vér — samkvęmt žvķ, sem einnig er lįtiš ķ ljósi ķ bęnarskrį frį inu sama Alžingi — vildum gjöra yfirstandandi įr enn žį atkvęšismeira fyrir Ķslendinga meš žvķ aš gefa Ķslandi stjórnarbót, er veitti Alžingi fullt löggjafarvald og fjįrforręši, og sem aš öšru leyti vęri svo frjįlsleg, som framast vęri unnt.
Vér höfum sķšan į nż lįtiš sem nįkvęmlegast ķhuga stjórnarskipunarmįl Ķslands, og er įrangurinn af žvķ oršinn sį, aš Vér einn af inum fyrstu dögum įrsins meš Voru konunglega nafni höfum löghelgaš stjórnarskrį um in sérstaklegu mįlefni Ķslands, sem aš mestu leyti er bygš į frumvarpi žvķ til stjórnarskipunarlaga, sem lagt var fyrir alžingi įriš 1871, en žó hefir sérstaklega veriš tekiš tillit til žeirra atriša, sem tekin voru fram ķ fyrnefndri bęnarskrį Alžingis.
Jafnframt og Vér birtum žetta Vorum trśu og kęru žegnum į Ķslandi, finnum Vér hvöt til žess aš lżsa yfir allrahęstu įnęgju Vorri meš, aš iš Ķslendska stjórnarskipunarverk, sem svo lengi hefir veriš starfaš aš, žannig er nś alveg til lykta leitt, og sömuleišis višurkenning Vorri og žakklęti fyrķr traust žaš, sem fulltrśar landsins hafa aušsżnt Oss meš žvķ aš fela žaš fyrirhyggju Vorri į žann hįtt, sem sagt var, aškoma fullnašarskipun į um žetta mikilvęga mįlefni.
Žaš er von Vor, aš Vorir trśu Ķslendingar taki į móti gjöf žeirri, sem Vér žannig af »frjįlsu fullveldi« höfum veitt Ķslandi, meš inu sama hugarfari, er hśn er sprottin af, og aš žaš verši višurkennt eigi aš eins, aš žį er stjórnarskrįin var samin, hafi veriš tekiš svo sem unnt var tillit til žeirra óska, sem fram eru komnar frį Ķslands hįlfu, aš svo miklu leyti, sem žęr gįtu samrķmzt viš žaš, aš žeirri stjórnarskipun rķkisins, sem nś į sér staš, yrši haldiš óbreyttri, og žį naušsyn, sem į žvķ er, aš lög žau, sem hér ręšir um, komi fram ķ žvķ formi, sem samsvari ešli žeirra sem endilegra stjórnarskipunarlaga, heldur einnig, aš Vorum kęru žegnum į Ķslandi sé meš stjórnarskrįnni yfir höfuš veitt svo mikiš frelsi og žjóšleg réttindi, aš skilyršunum fyrir öflugum og heillarķkum framförum landsins bęši ķ andlegum og lķkamlegum efnum sé meš žvķ fullnęgt.
En eigi sįškorn žaš, sem fališ er ķ stjórnarbótinni, aš geta boriš įvöxtu, žarf til žess, aš lżšur og stjórn leggist į eitt um aš vinna aš žvķ ķ eindręgni, sem er sameiginlegt mark og miš hvorutveggju, som er framfarir og hagsęld landsins, og treystum Vér žvķ stašfastlega, aš Vorir trśu Ķslendingar meš žvķ aš neyta hyggilega frelsis žess, sem žeim er veitt, vilji styšja višleitni Vora, til žess aš žessu augnamiši verši nįš.
Einkar gešfelt hefir žaš žar aš auki veriš Oss, aš framkvęmd žessarar mikilvęgu gjöršar samkvęmt ósk Alžingis hefir getaš įtt ser staš einmitt į žvķ įri, er žess veršur minnst, aš 1000 įr eru lišin sķšan Ķsland first byggšist, og aš žį hafi byrjaš žjóšarlķf, sem einkum meš žvķ aš halda viš mįli forfešranna og fęra ķ sögur afreksverk žeirra, hefir veriš svo mikilsvert fyrir öll noršurlönd.
Um leiš og Vér ķ tilefni af hįtķš žeirri, sem ķ hönd fer, sendum öllum Vorum trśu og kęru žegnum į Ķslandi kvešju Vora og Vorar bestu heilla- og hamingjuóskir landinu til handa um ókominn tķma, sameinum Vér žvķ vonina um, aš sį tķmi muni koma, aš umskipti žau į stjórnarhögum Ķslands, sem nś standa til, verši einnig talin ķ sögunni sem atkvęšamikill og happasęll višburšur fyrir Ķsland.
Gefiš ķ Amalķuborg, 14. dag febrśarmįnašar 1874.
Undir Vorri konunglegu hendi og innsigli.
CHRISTIAN R.
(L. S.)
(L.S. = Locus Sigilli = stašur innsiglis) >>><<< |
6.2.2012 | 01:09
No Need to Panic About Global Warming
Fyrst birt ķ The Wall Street Journal. A candidate for public office in any contemporary democracy may have to consider what, if anything, to do about "global warming." Candidates should understand that the oft-repeated claim that nearly all scientists demand that something dramatic be done to stop global warming is not true. In fact, a large and growing number of distinguished scientists and engineers do not agree that drastic actions on global warming are needed. In September, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Ivar Giaever, a supporter of President Obama in the last election, publicly resigned from the American Physical Society (APS) with a letter that begins:"I did not renew [my membership] because I cannot live with the [APS policy] statement: 'The evidence is incontrovertible: Global warming is occurring. If no mitigating actions are taken, significant disruptions in the Earth's physical and ecological systems, social systems, security and human health are likely to occur. We must reduce emissions of greenhouse gases beginning now.' In the APS it is OK to discuss whether the mass of the proton changes over time and how a multi-universe behaves, but the evidence of global warming is incontrovertible?" In spite of a multidecade international campaign to enforce the message that increasing amounts of the "pollutant" carbon dioxide will destroy civilization, large numbers of scientists, many very prominent, share the opinions of Dr. Giaever. And the number of scientific "heretics" is growing with each passing year. The reason is a collection of stubborn scientific facts.Perhaps the most inconvenient fact is the lack of global warming for well over 10 years now. This is known to the warming establishment, as one can see from the 2009 "Climategate" email of climate scientist Kevin Trenberth: "The fact is that we can't account for the lack of warming at the moment and it is a travesty that we can't." But the warming is only missing if one believes computer models where so-called feedbacks involving water vapor and clouds greatly amplify the small effect of CO2. The lack of warming for more than a decade—indeed, the smaller-than-predicted warming over the 22 years since the U.N.'s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) began issuing projections—suggests that computer models have greatly exaggerated how much warming additional CO2 can cause. Faced with this embarrassment, those promoting alarm have shifted their drumbeat from warming to weather extremes, to enable anything unusual that happens in our chaotic climate to be ascribed to CO2.The fact is that CO2 is not a pollutant. CO2 is a colorless and odorless gas, exhaled at high concentrations by each of us, and a key component of the biosphere's life cycle. Plants do so much better with more CO2 that greenhouse operators often increase the CO2 concentrations by factors of three or four to get better growth. This is no surprise since plants and animals evolved when CO2 concentrations were about 10 times larger than they are today. Better plant varieties, chemical fertilizers and agricultural management contributed to the great increase in agricultural yields of the past century, but part of the increase almost certainly came from additional CO2 in the atmosphere.
Although the number of publicly dissenting scientists is growing, many young scientists furtively say that while they also have serious doubts about the global-warming message, they are afraid to speak up for fear of not being promoted—or worse. They have good reason to worry. In 2003, Dr. Chris de Freitas, the editor of the journal Climate Research, dared to publish a peer-reviewed article with the politically incorrect (but factually correct) conclusion that the recent warming is not unusual in the context of climate changes over the past thousand years. The international warming establishment quickly mounted a determined campaign to have Dr. de Freitas removed from his editorial job and fired from his university position. Fortunately, Dr. de Freitas was able to keep his university job. This is not the way science is supposed to work, but we have seen it before—for example, in the frightening period when Trofim Lysenko hijacked biology in the Soviet Union. Soviet biologists who revealed that they believed in genes, which Lysenko maintained were a bourgeois fiction, were fired from their jobs. Many were sent to the gulag and some were condemned to death.Why is there so much passion about global warming, and why has the issue become so vexing that the American Physical Society, from which Dr. Giaever resigned a few months ago, refused the seemingly reasonable request by many of its members to remove the word "incontrovertible" from its description of a scientific issue? There are several reasons, but a good place to start is the old question "cui bono?" Or the modern update, "Follow the money." Alarmism over climate is of great benefit to many, providing government funding for academic research and a reason for government bureaucracies to grow. Alarmism also offers an excuse for governments to raise taxes, taxpayer-funded subsidies for businesses that understand how to work the political system, and a lure for big donations to charitable foundations promising to save the planet. Lysenko and his team lived very well, and they fiercely defended their dogma and the privileges it brought them.Speaking for many scientists and engineers who have looked carefully and independently at the science of climate, we have a message to any candidate for public office: There is no compelling scientific argument for drastic action to "decarbonize" the world's economy. Even if one accepts the inflated climate forecasts of the IPCC, aggressive greenhouse-gas control policies are not justified economically.
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Princeton physics professor Willam Happer on why a large number of scientists do not believe that carbon dioxide is causing global warming.
A recent study of a wide variety of policy options by Yale economist William Nordhaus showed that nearly the highest benefit-to-cost ratio is achieved for a policy that allows 50 more years of economic growth unimpeded by greenhouse gas controls. This would be especially beneficial to the less-developed parts of the world that would like to share some of the same advantages of material well-being, health and life expectancy that the fully developed parts of the world enjoy now. Many other policy responses would have a negative return on investment. And it is likely that more CO2 and the modest warming that may come with it will be an overall benefit to the planet. If elected officials feel compelled to "do something" about climate, we recommend supporting the excellent scientists who are increasing our understanding of climate with well-designed instruments on satellites, in the oceans and on land, and in the analysis of observational data. The better we understand climate, the better we can cope with its ever-changing nature, which has complicated human life throughout history. However, much of the huge private and government investment in climate is badly in need of critical review. Every candidate should support rational measures to protect and improve our environment, but it makes no sense at all to back expensive programs that divert resources from real needs and are based on alarming but untenable claims of "incontrovertible" evidence.
There's no compelling scientific argument for drastic action to 'decarbonize' the world's economy. |
5.2.2012 | 00:35
Framundan er haršnandi barįtta um Lżšveldiš og embętti forseta
Framundan er haršnandi barįtta um Lżšveldiš og embętti forseta. Fyrst birt ķ Morgunblašinu 01. febrśar 2012.
Loftur Altice Žorsteinsson. Flestum landsmönnum mun ljóst, aš 1918 varš Ķsland sjįlfstętt konungsveldi, meš Kristjįn X sem konung sameiginlega meš Danmörku. Žessi konungur fór meš fullveldisrétt žjóšarinnar žar til lżšveldiš var stofnaš 1944. Meš nżrri stjórnarskrį fęršist fullveldisrétturinn śr höndum konungs til almennings į Ķslandi. Lżšveldi nefnist žaš stjórnarform žegar fullveldisréttur žjóšar er ķ höndum almennings. Forseti lżšveldisins er umbošsmašur žjóšarinnar innan stjórnkerfisins. Hann er handhafi framkvęmdavaldsins, en jafnframt er hann eftirlitsmašur meš löggjafarvaldinu. Af 81 grein Stjórnarskrįrinnar fjalla 30 greinar eingöngu um verksviš forsetans. Forsetinn fer meš vald til žingrofs (24.gr.) og vald til aš vķsa lagafrumvörpum til žjóšaratkvęšis (26.gr.). Jafnframt skipar forsetinn rįšherra og leysir žį frį störfum (15.gr.). Forsetinn er eini valdhafi landsins sem kjörinn er almennri kosningu. Frį 1944 hefur okkar įgęta stjórnarskrį formfest lżšręši sem stjórnarfar landsins, žótt valdastéttin hafi rangtślkaš mörg įkvęši hennar. Sem dęmi um žessar tilraunir til aš rugla landsmenn ķ rķminu, mį benda į nafngiftina “fullveldisdagur” um 01. desember 1918, žegar žjóšin STAŠFESTI fullveldisrétt Kristjįns X. Hins vegar nįšist 1918 fram višurkenning į sjįlfstęšinu og 01. desember ętti žvķ aš nefnast “sjįlfstęšisdagur”. Fullveldiš var sķšan HEIMT śr greipum konungs meš stjórnarskrįnni frį 1944 og žvķ ętti 17. jśnķ aš nefnast “fullveldisdagur”. Žessi fölsun į nafngiftum er aušvitaš smįmįl, ķ samanburši viš žį vanviršingu į efnisatrišum Stjórnarskrįrinnar sem višgengis hefur allar götur frį 1944. Žingręšissinnar hafa komist upp meš aš snišganga mörg įkvęši Stjórnarskrįrinnar, sem er forskrift okkar aš lżšręšinu. Žingręšissinnar hafa ķ heitstrengingum um aš afsala sjįlfstęši landsins til risans ķ austri og afnema formlega fullveldisrétt almennings. Žeir hafa jafnvel uppi įróšur um aš embętti forsetans verši lagt af. Slķk krafa lżsir vilja til aš lżšveldiš verši lagt nišur og aš ķ stašinn verši höfšingjaveldi formfest, öšru nafni žingręši. Įskorun į Ólaf Ragnar Grķmsson. Viš žessar ašstęšur er öšru mikilvęgara, aš žjóšin geti fullkomlega treyst aš forseti lżšveldisins fylgi Stjórnarskrįnni og lįti ekki fulltrśa hins erlenda valds komast upp meš bellibrögš. Viš vitum aš nśverandi forseti, Ólafur Ragnar Grķmsson hefur žann dug og žann skilning į stjórnskipun landsins sem žarf til aš męta atlögunni. Ef nżr mašur kemur aš Bessastöšum, veit enginn hvort hann muni lķta į sig sem umbošsmann almennings og vörzlumann lżšręšisins. Ķslendsk žjóš getur ekki tekiš įhęttu meš aš embętti forsetans lendi ķ höndum fólks sem tilbśiš er aš fórna sjįlfstęši landsins og fullveldisrétti žjóšarinnar į altari framandi hugmyndafręši. Ekki mį henda aš barįtta genginna kynslóša verši aš engu gerš meš hiršuleysi, eša ķ nafni stundarhagsmuna. Aš beztu manna yfirsżn er žvķ skoraš į forsetann Ólaf Ragnar Grķmsson aš gefa kost į įframhaldandi setu į forsetastóli. Stjórnarskrįin er fjöregg žjóšarinnar. Ekki eru margar žjóšir sem eiga alvöru stjórnarskrį, eins og viš Ķslendingar. Įkvęšiš um žjóšaratkvęši samkvęmt 26. greininni, er einn af dżrgripum žessarar žjóšar og žaš įkvęši bjargaši okkur frį Icesave-kśguninni. En ķ Stjórnarskrįnni er ašra dżrgripi aš finna og žar į mešal er 24. greinin um žingrof og 15. greinin um rįšherraskipanir:
Žegar hvorki meirihluti Alžingismanna né rķkisstjórn landsins njóta trausts žjóšarinnar, veršur forsetinn aš hafa styrk til aš beita žeim śrręšum sem Stjórnarskrįin leggur honum ķ hendur. Viš flestum blasir, aš mikil mistök voru gerš ķ Alžingiskosningunum 2009. Til žings völdust of margir óhęfir frambjóšendur, sem dag hvern viršist leggja sig fram um aš valda tjóni.
Aš beztu manna yfirsżn er skoraš į forsetann Ólaf Ragnar Grķmsson aš gefa kost į įframhaldandi setu į forsetastóli. >>><<< |
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